摘要
利用复合功能菌发酵多元辅料研制出一种水分散性生物有机肥发酵菌剂.采用单因素和正交实验法进行优化,确定了复合功能菌发酵基质最佳质量比为麦麸∶稻糠∶豆粕=18∶7∶25,发酵条件为初始pH 7.0、培养温度30℃、培养时间7 d、接种量5%、含水率40%.在发酵前添加3%PEG6000和5%吐温80、烘干前添加5%多聚磷酸钠和5%(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)时,较发酵后添加4种助剂,水分散性更好、酶活水平更高.利用5 L发酵罐放大制备生物有机肥发酵菌剂,其纤维素(CMC)酶的酶活力为1247.3 U/g、中性蛋白酶的酶活力为216.5 U/g、α-淀粉酶的酶活力为21.9 U/g、H_(2)S去除率为58.7%、NH_(3)去除率为63.1%、有效活菌数为7.86×10^(9)g^(-1)、润湿时间为105.2 s、悬浮率为40.7%、分散次数为7.3次,水分散用量为0.99%,室温保存1个月,菌剂有效成分损失不显著.以豆粕堆肥评价该菌剂腐熟效果,使用该菌剂堆肥,腐熟更为彻底,各指标均符合农业行业标准《有机肥料》(NY/T 525-2021)技术指标要求.研制成的生物有机肥发酵菌剂符合且优于我国国家标准《农用微生物菌剂》(GB 20287-2006)中的要求,水分散性好、成品保存期长,可规模化处理固体废物制备生物有机肥,应用前景广阔.
A kind of water-dispersible bio-organic fertilizer fermentation agent was developed by fermenting multiple auxiliaries with complex functional bacteria.Single factor and orthogonal experiments were used for optimization,and the optimal quality ratio of the fermentation substrate of the composite functional bacteria was determined as wheat bran∶rice bran∶soybean meal=18∶7∶25,and the fermentation conditions were initial pH 7.0,incubation temperature 30℃,incubation time 7 d,inoculation amount 5%,and water content 40%.The addition of 3%PEG6000 and 5%Tween 80 before fermentation and 5%sodium polyphosphate and 5%(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) before drying resulted in better water dispersion and higher enzyme activity levels than the addition of the four additives after fermentation.With a 5 L fermenter to amplify and prepare fermentation agent of bio-organic fertilizer,the enzyme activity of carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)enzyme was 1 247.3 U/g,neutral protease enzyme activity was 216.5 U/g,α-amylase enzyme activity was 21.9 U/g,H_(2)S removal rate was 58.7%,NH_(3) removal rate was 63.1%,effective live bacterial count was 7.86×10^(9) g^(-1),wetting time was 105.2 s,suspension rate was40.7%,the number of dispersion was 7.3 times,water dispersion dosage was 0.99%,and there was no significant loss of active ingredients of the bacterium for 1 month of storage at room temperature.The decomposing effect of the fungus was evaluated by soybean meal composting.The composting products with the fungus were more thoroughly decomposed,and all indexes met the technical index requirements of the agricultural industry standard of organic fertilizer(NY/T 525-2021).The developed bio-organic fertilizer fermenting bacterium is in line with and better than the national standard for agricultural microbial bacterium(GB 20287-2006)in China,with good water dispersion and long shelf life of the finished product,which can be used for large-scale treatment of solid waste to make bio-organic fertilizer and has a broad application prospect.
作者
宋冠林
王安琪
路来风
张浩
李守辉
王昌禄
SONG Guanlin;WANG Anqi;LU Laifeng;ZHANG Hao;LI Shouhui;WANG Changlu(College of Food Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety,Tianjin 300457,China)
出处
《天津科技大学学报》
CAS
2022年第6期18-26,共9页
Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31972177)。
关键词
多元辅料
生物有机肥
发酵菌剂
复合功能菌
堆肥
multiple auxiliaries
bio-organic fertilizer
fermenter
compound functional bacteria
composting
