摘要
截干是叶用银杏园有效的复壮方式之一,针对河北省叶用银杏种植园树木老化的问题,通过对叶用银杏种植园中6a树龄的苗木进行不同高度的截干处理,测量截干后2a的各生物学指标,探索出理想的叶用园栽植管理模式。研究表明:截干当年株高受到显著影响,当年株高净生长高度要明显快于对照,截干后第2年株高与对照差距进一步缩小。表明截干处理能加快植株的高生长。截干能消除顶端优势,刺激隐芽萌发,对银杏苗木的发枝数量有促进作用,能增加枝条的生长量。重度截干会对当年的叶产量造成一定的影响,但合适的截干高度(60cm)反而会提高叶产量,截干后叶面积和叶片厚度明显增加,黄酮醇苷和萜内酯等有效成分含量明显提升,使叶片质量大幅提升。采用适宜的截干高度能提高叶的质量和产量,是叶用银杏园持续健康发展有效的手段,综合多种因素,定干高度在30~80cm之间较为适宜。
Truncation is one of the effective ways to rejuvenateGinkgo bilobaplantations for leaf using.In view of the aging problem of trees inGinkgo bilobaleaf garden in Hebei province,the biological indicators of the two years after truncation were measured by truncation of the seedlings of six years old inGinkgo bilobaplantations for leaves at different heights.The study found that the plant height was significantly affected in the year of cutting,and the net growth height of the plant height was significantly faster than that of the control in that year,the gap between the plant height and CK was further narrowed in the second year after cutting.It showed that the cutting treatment could accelerate the plant height growth.Truncation can eliminate the apical dominance,stimulate the germination of hidden buds,promote the number of branches of ginkgo seedlings,and increase the growth of branches.Although truncation had a certain impact on the leaf yield of that year,this effect gradually disappeared in the second year.After truncation,the leaf area and leaf thickness increased significantly,and the contents of flavonol glycosides and terpene lactone components increased significantly,which greatly improved the quality of leaves.Adopting appropriate cutting height can improve the quality and yield of leaves,which is an effective way for the sustainable and healthy development ofGinkgo bilobagardens for leaves.Considering various factors,it is more appropriate to set the cutting height at 30~80cm.
作者
党磊
王春荣
郭娇娇
毕君
DANG Lei;WANG Chun-rong;GUO Jiao-jiao;BI Jun(Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050061;Hebei Technical Innovation Center of for Forest Improved Variety,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050061)
出处
《河北林业科技》
2022年第3期11-15,共5页
Journal of Hebei Forestry Science and Technology
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划“银杏叶用林高效培育技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0601301-02)。
关键词
银杏
叶用园
截干复壮
叶产量
黄酮醇苷
萜内酯
Ginkgo bilobaL.
leaf garden
truncation and rejuvenation
leaf yield
flavonol glycosides
teepene lactore
