摘要
专利强制许可制度作为《TRIPS协定》为实现公共政策目标而设置的灵活性安排,由于存在诸多程序限制等原因而造成实施上的不灵活,这阻碍了对紧急危机的应对。作为强制许可类型之一,专利政府使用制度在危机应对上具有程序便捷和政府主导的天然优势,但这种优势却因该制度的法律框架不完善而无法充分发挥。具体来说,我国专利政府使用制度在立法层面存在欠缺配套立法、实施程序未做分类以及参与主体职权不明等问题。考虑到专利政府使用制度作为危机应对的重要工具之一且现实中危机频发,有必要对我国专利政府使用制度的配套立法予以完善、分类设置其具体实施程序并明确参与主体的职能划分。
Compulsory licensing in the patent system,as a flexible arrangement under the TRIPS Agreement to achieve public policy objectives,has been hampered by a number of procedural restrictions that have resulted in implementation inflexibility and therefore hindered emergency crisis response.The government use regime,as a type of compulsory licence,has the natural advantage of being procedurally simple and government-led in crisis response.However,this advantage is often not exploited due to the inadequate legal framework of the system.Specifically,at the legislative level,there is a lack of supporting legislation,unclassified implementation procedures and unclear powers of the participating parties.In view of the fact that the government use of a patent is one of the most important tools for crisis response and the frequent occurrence of crisis in reality,it is necessary to improve the supporting legislation for the patent government use system in China,to classify the specific implementation procedures and to clarify the division of functions of the participating parties.
出处
《武大国际法评论》
2022年第4期141-157,共17页
Wuhan University International Law Review
基金
2021年度司法部重点课题项目“习近平法治思想指导下涉外法治体系完善的结构化分析”(项目批准号:21SFB1006)的阶段性成果。
关键词
强制许可
专利政府使用
TRIPS协定
compulsory licensing
government use of patent
TRIPS Agreement
