摘要
本试验旨在研究菌酶复合制剂对育肥湖羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵和细菌菌群的影响。试验选取156只60日龄体重相近、健康状况良好的雄性育肥湖羊,随机分为4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复13只羊。对照组(A组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上分别添加0.1%(B组)、0.2%(C组)和0.3%(D组)菌酶复合制剂的饲粮。试验预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)与A组相比,D组第31~60天及第1~60天湖羊平均日增重(ADG)显著提高(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与A组相比,B组、C组和D组酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),B组和C组中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05)。3)D组瘤胃pH显著低于A组、B组和C组(P<0.05);与A组相比,B组、C组和D组瘤胃氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量显著提高(P<0.05),瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸和异丁酸含量显著降低(P<0.05);B组和D组瘤胃丁酸含量显著降低(P<0.05)。4)16S rRNA测序结果表明,与A组相比,在门水平上,D组拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和TM7相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和蓝藻菌门(Cyanobacteria)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05);在属水平上,D组欧陆森氏菌属(Olsenella)相对丰度显著提高(P <0.05),YRC22相对丰度显著降低(P <0.05)。5)密螺旋体属(Treponema)相对丰度与NDF表观消化率和瘤胃NH3-N含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);欧陆森氏菌属相对丰度与ADF表观消化率呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与瘤胃pH和丙酸含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中添加0.3%的菌酶复合制剂可以提高育肥湖羊ADG,降低F/G,提高饲粮ADF表观消化率,降低瘤胃拟杆菌门相对丰度,同时提高瘤胃欧陆森氏菌属相对丰度,有助于提高对饲粮中纤维的消化率。
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of probiotics and enzyme compound preparation on the growth performance,rumen fermentation and bacterial community of fattening Hu sheep.A total of156 healthy 60-day-old male fattening Hu sheep with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 13 sheep per replicate.Sheep in the control group(group A)were fed a basal diet,and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.1%(group B),0.2%(group C)and 0.3%(group D)probiotics and enzyme compound preparation,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days,and the trial period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with group A,the average daily gain(ADG)of Hu sheep from days 31 to 60 and 1 to 60 in group D was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with group A,the acid detergent fiber(ADF)apparent digestibility in groups B,C and D was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)apparent digestibility in groups B and C was significantly increased(P<0.05).3)The rumen pH in group D was significantly lower than that in groups A,B and C(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the rumen ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)content in groups B,C and D was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the rumen contents of total volatile fatty acids,propionic acid and isobutyric acid in groups B,C and D were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the rumen butyric acid content in groups B and D was significantly decreased(P<0.05).4)The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that compared with group A,at the phylum level,the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and TM7 in group D were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were significantly increased(P<0.05);at the genus level,the Olsenella relative abundance in group D was significantly increased(P <0.05),and the YRC22 relative abundance was significantly decreased(P <0.05).5)The Treponema relative abundance was extremely significantly positively correlated with NDF apparent digestibility and rumen NH_(3)-N content(P<0.01).The Olsenella relative abundance was significantly positively correlated with ADF apparent digestibility(P<0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with rumen pH and propionic acid content(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary 0.3% probiotics and enzyme compound preparation can increase ADG,decrease F/G,increase ADF apparent digestibility,decrease Bacteroidetes relative abundance,and increase Olsenella relative abundance in rumen,which is helpful to improve dietary fiber digestibility of fattening Hu sheep.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(11):7228-7239]
作者
毕梦凡
王平
王利军
刘超齐
左瑞雨
朱湲湲
尹清强
宁长申
常娟
BI Mengfan;WANG Ping;WANG Lijun;LIU Chaoqi;ZUO Ruiyu;ZHU Yuanyuan;YIN Qingqiang;NING Changshen;CHANG Juan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Provincial Animal Husbandry General Station,Zhengzhou 450008,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期7228-7239,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
河南省科技攻关项目(212102110006)
河南省重大科技专项(201111311100)
河南省教育厅重点科研项目(21A230012)。
关键词
菌酶复合制剂
育肥湖羊
生长性能
瘤胃发酵
细菌菌群
probiotics and enzyme compound preparation
fattening Hu sheep
growth performance
rumen fermentation
bacterial community
