摘要
为了优化秸秆资源化利用结构,提高农林固废综合利用效益,以两淮地区农林固废数据为基础,估算常见农作物秸秆和林业剩余物资源量和资源密度,分析秸秆和林业剩余物时空分布特征,明确秸秆在肥料化、饲料化和基料化基本需求量,评估未被利用秸秆资源利用潜力。结果表明,两淮地区常见秸秆可回收资源量约为2000万t,主要以小麦秸秆为主,林业剩余物资源量约为69.05万t。秸秆资源量在空间分布上差异明显,水稻秸秆主要分布在两淮地区南部,油料秸秆主要分布在东北部,其余秸秆主要分布在中部,秸秆肥料化、饲料化和基料化基本需求量分别为780万、288万和15万t。未被利用秸秆约为220万t,直接还田理论上可节约1.71万t氮肥、0.49万t磷肥和2.88万t钾肥,相当于淮南市单元素肥料年使用量的42.40%,用于直燃发电和热裂解炭化可产生约580亿kW·h电能,相当于淮南市社会用电量的46.15%,可减排约190万t当量的CO_(2)排放,相当于淮南市CO_(2)年排放量的16.46%,用于制作秸秆草砖和人造板材可节省约1.3万m^(3)土方量或340万m^(3)的木材。两淮地区秸秆资源量满足肥料化、饲料化和基料化需求,应进一步提升秸秆回收利用效率,优化收储体系,降低秸秆收集成本,增加秸秆在能源化和原料化领域利用效益。
To optimize the structure of straw resource utilization and improve the benefit of comprehensive utilization of agricultural and forestry solid waste,the study estimated the resource amount and density of common crop straw and forestry residues,and analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of straw and forestry residues,and clarified the basic demand of straw in fertilizer,fodder and raw material,and evaluated the utilization potential of unused straw resources based on the data of agricultural and forestry solid wastes in Lianghuai area.The results showed that the recoverable resources of common straw were about 20 million tons,and the main component of straw was wheat straw,the resources of forestry residues were about 690500 tons.There were obvious differences in the spatial distribution of straw resources.Rice straw was mainly distributed in the south of Lianghuai area,oil crop straw was mainly distributed in the northeast,and the other straw was mainly distributed in the middle.The basic demand of straw fertilizer,fodder and raw material were 7.8 million,2.88 million and 150000 tons,respectively.The unused straw was about 2.2 million tons.The nutrient contained in the unused straw were estimated to be 17.1 kiloton N,4.9 kiloton of P_(2)O_(5) and 28.8 kiloton K_(2)O,which was equivalent to 42.40%of the annual use of single element fertilizer in Huainan City.If the unused straw was used for combustion power generation and biomass pyrolysis,it could produce 58 billion kW·h of electric energy(accounting for 46.15%of the annual power consumption of Huainan City),and reduced the 1.9 million tons CO_(2) emission,which was equivalent to 16.46%of the annual CO_(2) emission of Huainan City.When used to make straw bricks and artificial plates,the unused straw could save about 13 thousand cubic meters of earthwork or 3.4 million cubic meters of wood.The amount of straw resources in the Lianghuai region can meet the needs of fertilizer,feed and base material.It is necessary to further improve the efficiency of straw recycling,optimize the collection and storage system,reduce the cost of straw collection,and increase the utilization efficiency of straw in the fields of energy and raw materials.
作者
苏永东
周育智
刘英
张旭阳
龙林丽
陈孝杨
SU Yong-dong;ZHOU Yu-zhi;LIU Ying(School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2022年第21期67-73,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
工程院战略咨询项目(2021-DFZ-15)
安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(S202104a06020064)。
关键词
农林固废
资源量
秸秆
时空特征
利用潜力
Agricultural and forestry solid waste
Resource amount
Straw
Spatiotemporal characteristics
Utilization potential
