摘要
因长期施用化肥致使农田土壤在不同程度上存在着肥力下降、酸化、板结、砷镉等元素含量超标等问题,严重影响耕地质量。钙镁磷肥呈碱性,可以改良酸性土壤,同时可以钝化土壤中的重金属,调节元素失衡,减少有机质流失等问题。以云南省个旧市大屯镇污染农田为背景,探究施用钙镁磷肥对当地4种玉米品种(路单12号、足玉7号、红育2号、华兴单88号)的产量,以及对籽粒中As、Cd含量和土壤有效态As、Cd及pH的影响。结果表明:(1)在钙镁磷肥的处理下,与裸地相比,红育2号土壤pH的改良效果最好;(2)综合考虑玉米对土壤中有效态As、Cd含量的影响,红育2号具有较好的效果,而路单12号无显著效果;(3)施用钙镁磷肥,红育2号的产量达到最大,采用红育2号是增加玉米产量的最佳选择;(4)综合考虑钙镁磷肥对玉米籽粒中As、Cd含量的影响,红育2号具有较好的效果,而路单12号仅在降低玉米籽粒中As含量效果较好。
Due to the long-term application of chemical fertilizers,the farmland soil has various problems such as decreased fertility,acidification,compaction,excessive arsenic and cadmium content,which seriously affects the quality of farmland.Calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizers are alkaline and can improve acidic soil,at the same time can passivate the heavy metals in the soil,adjust the imbalance of elements,and reduce the loss of organic matter and other problems.In this experiment,the polluted farmland in Datun Town,Gejiu City,Yunnan Province was used as the background to explore the effects of applying calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizers on the yield of four local corn varieties(Ludan No.12,Zuyu No.7,Hongyu No.2,Huaxingdan No.88),the content of arsenic and cadmium in the grain,and the effective arsenic,effective cadmium and pH in the soil.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)Compared with bare land,Hongyu No.2 had the best soil pH improvement effect under the treatment of calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer.(2)Comprehensive considering of the effect of corn varieties on the available contents of As and Cd in the soil,Hongyu No.2 had a good effect,while Ludan No.12 had no significant effec.(3)Based on the application of calcium-magnesiumphosphate fertilizer,the yield of Hongyu No.2 reached the maximum,which indicated Hongyu No.2 was the best variety of maize for high yield.(4)Considering the effects of calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizers on the As and Cd content in maize kernels,Hongyu No.2 had a better effect,while Ludan No.12 was only effective in reducing As content in maize kernels.
作者
董春雨
王凯
邓琪
任利娟
李嘉琦
张昌琦
张乃明
包立
DONG Chun-yu;WANG Kai;DENG Qi;REN Li-juan;LI Jia-qi;ZHANG Chang-qi;ZHANG Nai-ming;BAO Li(Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;Yunnan Laboratory of Improvement of Soil Fertility and Pollution Remediation,Kunming Yunnan 650201)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期45-50,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
NSFC-云南联合基金地质高背景及人为污染土壤重金属迁移转化规律与阻控机理研究(U200220167)
农产品绿色生产及质量安全控制关键技术研究(202002AE320005)
土壤-玉米系统镉低累积品种中镉的转运累积规律及基因表达(201801YB00003)。
关键词
钙镁磷肥
玉米品种
农艺性状
重金属累积
calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer
maize variety
agronomic characters
heavy metal accumulation
