摘要
针对我国人工草地生产力水平低下的现状,为探究更有效的种植管理模式以提高牧草产量与水分利用效率,本研究对比分析4种水分调控(按田间持水量的百分比控制,充分灌水FW:75%~85%,轻度亏水LW:65%~75%,中度亏水MW:55%~65%,重度亏水SW:45%~55%)和5种种植模式(无芒雀麦单播:B,苜蓿单播:M,红豆草单播:O,无芒雀麦与苜蓿混播:B+M,无芒雀麦与红豆草混播:B+O)对人工草地产量、土地当量比、竞争力指数和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,随水分亏缺程度的加剧,牧草产量呈先增加(平稳)后降低的趋势,B+M结合LW与B+O结合FW有利于提高牧草产量。B+M和B+O的土地当量比大于1,均表现为豆科牧草的竞争力高于无芒雀麦,尤其在LW条件下。水分利用效率表现为B、M、O和B+M在LW条件下最大,而B+O在FW条件下最大。综合得出,豆禾混播可显著提高牧草产量、土地当量比和水分利用效率,其中B+M在LW条件下效果较优,而B+O在FW条件下效果较优。
Artificial grassland in China is facing a situation of low productivity.The purpose of this research was to explore the effective planting management pattern to improve forage yield and water use efficiency(WUE).A field experiment was conducted to compare and analyze 4 kinds of water regulation and 5 kinds of planting pattern in the forage yield,land equivalent ratio,competitiveness index and WUE.The 4 kinds of water regulation were full irrigation(75%-85%),mild water deficit(65%-75%),moderate water deficit(55%-65%),and severe water deficit(45%-55%).The 5 kinds of planting pattern were mono-sowing brome(B),mono-sowing alfalfa(M),mono-sowing red bean grass(O),mixed sowing of brome and alfalfa(B+M),and mixed sowing of brome and red bean grass(B+O).Results showed that with the increasing of water deficit,the forage yield increased(stabled)at first and then decreased.Both B+M combined with LW and B+O combined with FW were beneficial to improve forage yield.The land equivalence ratio of the patterns B+M and B+O was greater than 1,and the competitiveness of alfalfa and red bean grass was higher than that of brome,especially under the condition of LW.The WUE showed that the patterns of B,M,O and B+M obtained the highest value under LW condition,while the pattern of B+O obtained the highest value under the FW condition.In conclusion,mixed sowing of legume and grass could significantly improve forage yield,land equivalent ratio,and WUE,among which the pattern of B+M had better effect under LW condition,while the pattern of B+O had better effect under FW condition.
作者
马彦麟
汪精海
吕亚茹
马煜
马文琼
MA Yanlin;WANG Jinghai;LYU Yaru;MA Yu;MA Wenqiong(Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering College of Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)
出处
《作物研究》
2022年第5期441-449,共9页
Crop Research
基金
甘肃农业大学盛彤笙创新基金专项(GSAU-STS-2021-18)
甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院青年教师科技创新基金(SLSDXY-QN201905)
甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院科研团队建设专项(Gaucwky-01)
甘肃省教育科技创新项目—产业支撑计划(2021CYZC-20)。
关键词
人工草地
水分调控
豆禾混播
产量
竞争力指数
水分利用效率
artificial grassland
water regulation
forages mixed with legume and grass
yield
competitiveness index
water use efficiency
