摘要
数字治理作为政府新型治理模式,被广泛应用于新冠肺炎疫情防控,其中健康码大放异彩,为减少疫情传播和促进复工复产发挥了重要作用。自杭州市政府与企业联合研发了余杭健康码并取得显著效果后,健康码便开始向全国推广,目前已被全国31个省份接纳。可在健康码政策执行过程中,暴露出若干问题,带来了一些负面影响,作为当前防止新冠肺炎疫情扩散的重要工具,迫切需要对其产生的不良影响及其影响因素加以研究。因此,研究健康码政策执行影响因素与执行效果的关系,对新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控和提升政府治理水平具有重要意义。研究运用史密斯政策执行过程模型将影响因素分为四个部分,即政策本身、执行主体、目标群体、环境因素,并根据各学者的研究,分别从4~5个维度构建测量指标。同时以顾客满意度理论和各学者研究为基础,从目标达成度、效率与品质两个方面对健康码政策执行效果进行测量。本研究以Y市C区为例,利用问卷调查法开展调研,并将收集到的有效问卷利用SPSS软件进行描述分析、回归分析,研究发现:影响因素的描述统计中,政策本身的分值较高,环境因素的分值较低,但都达到4分以上;执行效果的描述统计中,每个维度的分值也均达到了4分以上,效果较好;信效度方面,量表的系数均达到了0.9以上,具有较好的信度和效度;回归分析方面,政策本身、执行主体、目标群体、环境四个因素中,政策本身不显著影响健康码政策执行效果,而剩余的三个因素均对执行效果存在正向显著影响,其中执行主体的影响程度最大,目标群体的影响程度最小。最后根据数据分析结果,从影响因素的四个方面分别提出针对性的建议:在健康码政策执行过程中,不仅需要提升执行主体和目标群体的综合素养,也需要加强对政策本身以及环境方面的思考和重视,以更好地促进健康码政策的执行和防疫目标的实现,为疫情防控和提升数字治理能力贡献智慧和力量。
Digital governance is a new concept of the public management and administration,which is widely applied to the COVID-19 epidemic prevention.One of its most effective applications is“Health Code Policy”in the reduction of the losses of lives and industrial revenues during the epidemic.The Health Code Policy has been adopted nationwide ever since the Hangzhou City Government put it into practice and gained fruitful results.Yet,certain problems and inadequacies also arise during its application though Health Code Policy has achieved a great success.Therefore,we adopt the Smith Policy-Implementing-Process Framework and Customer Satisfaction Theory to analyse the relations of four factors(Policy,Subject of Execution,Object of Policy,Environment)to the satisfaction of Health Code Policy(respectively by Quality,Efficiency,Goal Achievement).We select C District in Y City as the object of our study.Survey is based on questionnaire and data collected are processed by SPSS,with which retrogression analysis is applied in order to identify the influences of the causal factors on the Satisfaction of Health Code Policy accordingly.The study finds out:the descriptive statistics for influencing factors have a high score for the policy itself and a lower score for environmental factors,but both score 4 or more.The descriptive statistics for implementation effectiveness have a good score of 4 or more for each dimension.In terms of reliability and validity,the coefficients of the scales all reach 0.9 or above,with good reliability and validity.In terms of regression analysis,we discover that the influence of Policy is insignificant,while the influences of the other three variables are significant.Among the latter,the influence of Subject of Execution is the greatest while the Object of Policy the least.Finally,based on the results of the data analysis,targeted recommendations are made in each of the four aspects of the influencing factors,which require not only improving the comprehensive literacy of the implementing subjects and target groups,but also strengthening the thinking and attention to the policy itself as well as the environmental aspects,in order to better promote the implementation of the health code policy and the achievement of epidemic prevention and control goals,and to contribute to the strength and wisdom of epidemic prevention and control and the improvement of digital governance.
作者
王瀛潞
WANG Yinglu(Law School,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Yibin 644000,China)
出处
《四川轻化工大学学报（社会科学版）》
2022年第5期38-54,共17页
Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering：Social Sciences Edition
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(18YJC810001)
四川轻化工大学创新训练计划项目(cx2020014)。
关键词
数字治理
健康码
政策执行
史密斯模型
执行效果
满意度
digital governance
Health Code
execution of policy
Smith's Execution Model
implementation results
satisfaction
