摘要
嵌入识别技术的公共监控兼有行政调查的柔性与刑事搜查的强制性。不同识别技术对权利的干预程度不等,缺乏对技术的有效区分不仅抹杀了技术红利,还有可能导致为警察执法设定的实体与程序要求,无法发挥应有的价值。隐私论存在不周延之处,隐私权并不能有效防备监控权的侵害风险。一个更妥当的解决方案是,维续前数字时代识别信息的模糊性,保障个体在公共场所的匿名期望。这是一种个体身份不被行政机关持续、隐匿、不加区分识别与追踪的自由,而非不被观察的自由。由此,应一分为二地讨论公共监控问题,图像采集的权力可以是宽泛的,身份识别应是个别的、回应性的。
Image capture devices embedded with identifcation technology have both a fexible and a mandatory aspects. The lack of effective distinction between technologies will not only eliminate potential benefts, but also result in requirements set for law enforcement useless. The right to privacy is not a good defense against the risks of surveillance. A more appropriate solution is to maintain the ambiguity of personal information and to safeguard the individual’s expectation of anonymity. It is the freedom for the individuals not to be continuously, invisibly, and indiscriminately identifed and tracked, instead of the freedom not to be observed. The issue of public surveillance should be discussed in two ways: the power of image collection can be broad, but identifcation should be limited.
出处
《中国法律评论》
CSSCI
2022年第5期105-118,共14页
China Law Review
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“大数据、人工智能背景下的公安法治建设研究”(19ZDA165)
清华大学自主科研计划资助课题“智慧警务模式下的基本权利保护”(2021THZWYY13)
清华大学短期出国(境)访学基金(2022053)项目成果。
关键词
公共监控
个人信息保护
图像采集
身份识别
匿名期望
隐私权
Public Surveillance
Personal Information Protection
Image Collection
Identification
Anonymous Expectation
Right to Privacy
