摘要
社会结构的变革和新兴科技的发展催生数字人权、基因人权等新的人权形态,但具体人权的辩护需要回到人权证成的一般理论框架之中。人权的证成存在政治性进路和自然主义进路两种方案。政治性进路关注人权在政治结构中的功能,自然主义进路则致力于挖掘人权的价值结构和道德属性。格里芬发展和推进了自然主义人权观,基于人的尊严和人格观念,提出人权的道德本质是对人的规范能动性进行保障。在实践中,人权在最高层次上体现为自主、自由和福利。相比于利益论和需求论等自然主义立场,规范能动性理论具有理论优势,但仍然需要对尊严与人权的关系、规范能动性的实践结构做出进一步澄清。对规范能动性进行充实,展现其个体和社会维度的互惠关系,可以使得规范能动性理论更充分地应对现实人权需求。
The transformation of social structure and the development of emerging technology generates new human rights types, but the defense of specifc human right needs go back to the general theoretical frame of human rights justifcation. The justifcation of human rights has two approaches: political and naturalistic. Political approach focuses on the function of human rights in political structure, whereas the naturalistic approach devotes to explore the value structure and moral feature of human rights. Grifn developed and promoted the naturalistic view of human rights, exploring the moral attributes of human rights and the its justifcation basis. Based on human dignity, Grifn puts forward that the moral essence of human rights is to protect the normative agency of human beings. In practice, the highest level of human rights is embodied in autonomy, freedom and welfare. Compared with other naturalistic positions such as interest and demand theory, normative agency theory has theoretical advantages, but it still needs to make further clarifcation on the relationship between dignity and human rights and the practical structure of normative agency. Enriching normative agency and demonstrating the mutually reciprocal relationship between their individual and social dimensions can make normative agency more responsive to realistic human right needs.
出处
《中国法律评论》
CSSCI
2022年第5期94-104,共11页
China Law Review
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“基因科技视域下的尊严法理研究”(20BFX016)的阶段性成果。
关键词
人权
人格
尊严
规范能动性
自然主义进路
Human Rights
Personhood
Human Dignity
Normative Agency
Naturalistic Approach
