摘要
超构材料是人工构造的复合结构材料,通过设计基元的结构参数,可以实现丰富的波动调控功能,并可突破传统材料的波动响应极限,在航空航天、轨道交通等民用和国防各领域都具有极大的应用潜力。首先简要介绍了超构材料的基本概念、性质和发展历史,然后从超构材料的禁带减振及其智能设计、低频宽带降噪和能量采集三个方面详细介绍超构材料的基本功能,再从实际应用的多需求出发介绍了轻质-承载-减振降噪和能量采集-减振降噪等类型的多功能一体化超构材料设计原理和性能。最后,总结上述研究进展,并展望超构材料与复合材料、人工智能和非厄米时变系统等的交叉研究,进一步提升超构材料性能和应用能力。
Metamaterials are artificially constructed composite structural materials. By designing the structural parameters of units, we can realize a great wealth of wave functions and even break the wave response limit of traditional materials. Metamaterials have great potential application in civil and defense industries such as aerospace engineering, transportation, among others. First, we briefly introduce the basic concept, properties and development history of metamaterials. Then, we introduce the basic functions of metamaterials in detail from three aspects:Band gap induced vibration reduction and its intelligent design, low-frequency broadband noise reduction and energy harvesting. Furthermore, based on the multi requirements of practical applications, we introduce the design principles and properties of different types of multi-functions integrated metamaterials such as lightweight-load bearing-vibration/noise reduction integration and energy harvesting-vibration/noise reduction integration. Finally, we summarize the above research progress and give a perspective on the cross research of metamaterials with composite materials, artificial intelligence and non-Hermitian time-varying systems, which can further improve the performance and application ability of metamaterials in future.
作者
李岩
金亚斌
LI Yan;JIN Yabin(School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《复合材料学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期4259-4273,共15页
Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(11902223)
国家杰出青年科学基金(11625210)
国家重点研发计划(2020 YFB0311500)。
关键词
超构材料
减振
降噪
能量采集
多功能一体化
机器学习
非厄米系统
复合材料
metamaterials
vibration reduction
noise reduction
energy harvesting
multifunctional integration
machine learning
non-Hermitian system
composite materials
