摘要
维生素类微量营养成分缺乏在儿童中普遍存在,针对此问题,本研究以断奶鼠为模型动物,评估在VB1、VB2、VB6和VA缺乏状态下,山楂和麦芽及其与膳食纤维复合对肠道功能的改善作用。结果显示,高剂量山楂和麦芽组、高剂量复合组都能够显著促进模型组小鼠的肠运动性。与正常对照组相比,维生素缺乏导致大鼠的体质量增量、摄食量和饲料利用率分别显著降低了34.29%、17.78%和19.24%(P<0.05),空肠和回肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度比值分别显著降低了37.30%和36.79%(P<0.05),粪便中乙酸和总短链脂肪酸(short chain fatty acid,SCFA)含量分别显著降低了37.63%和43.87%(P<0.05)。与维生素缺乏模型组相比,高剂量山楂和麦芽组显著改善了维生素缺乏大鼠的摄食量和体质量增量,其中摄食量和体质量增量分别增加了7.84%和14.77%(P<0.05),低剂量复合组的食物利用率显著提高11.58%。与维生素缺乏模型组相比,高剂量山楂和麦芽组和低剂量复合组的空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度的比值分别显著增加了52.65%和47.35%(P<0.05);高剂量山楂和麦芽组粪便中乙酸和总SCFA含量分别显著提高了46.86%和78.00%(P<0.05),低剂量复合组粪便中乙酸和总SCFA含量分别显著提高了43.74%和44.91%(P<0.05)。高剂量复合物组会使得肠道菌群中副拟杆菌过度生长,降低菌群多样性,引起菌群失调。高剂量山楂和麦芽组可调控维生素缺乏大鼠肠道菌群结构,增加乳杆菌属和阿克曼氏菌属的丰度。综上表明,高剂量山楂和麦芽组对大鼠肠道菌群具有一定的改善作用,低剂量复合组与高剂量山楂和麦芽组对肠道菌群的影响相似度较高,都能促进产SCFA特定菌属的生长,提高肠道SCFA含量,改善肠道组织形态,从而改善维生素缺乏大鼠肠道吸收功能,促进机体生长发育,实验结果可为功能食品的开发提供科学依据。
Considering that vitamin deficiency is prevalent in children, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hawthorn and malt as well as their combination with dietary fibers(polydextrose and xylooligosaccharide) on intestinal function in weaned mice deficient in VB, VB, VBand VA. The results showed that the intestinal motility of vitamindeficient mice was significantly promoted by high-dose hawthorn + malt alone and in combination with dietary fibers. Vitamin deficiency significantly reduced body mass gain, food intake and feed utilization in rats by 34.29%, 17.78% and 19.24%(P < 0.05), respectively, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in jejunum and ileum by 37.30% and 36.79%(P < 0.05),and the contents of acetic acid and total short chain fatty acids(SCFA) in feces by 37.63% and 43.87%(P < 0.05),respectively, compared with the normal group. Food intake and body mass gain in vitamin-deficient rats were significantly increased by 7.84% and 14.77% in the high-dose hawthorn + malt group compared with the vitamin deficiency model group(P < 0.05), respectively. Feed utilization rate in the low-dose hawthorn + malt + dietary fiber group was significantly increased by 11.58%. The ratio of jejunal villus height and crypt depth in the high-dose hawthorn + malt and low-dose hawthorn + malt + dietary fiber groups increased significantly by 52.65% and 47.35%(P < 0.05), respectively. The contents of fecal acetic acid and total SCFAs increased by 46.86% and 78.00% in the high-dose hawthorn + malt group(P < 0.05),and by 43.74% and 44.91% in the low-dose hawthorn + malt + dietary fiber group(P < 0.05), respectively. High-dose hawthorn + malt + dietary fiber treatment led to excessive growth of Parabacteroides in the intestinal tract, thus reducing the diversity and balance of the intestinal flora. High-dose hawthorn + malt treatment could regulate the composition of the intestinal flora and increase the abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia in vitamin-deficient rats. In conclusion, highdose hawthorn + malt treatment can improve the intestinal flora of rats to some extent, and its effect is similar to that of lowdose hawthorn + malt + dietary fibers. Both of them can promote the growth of bacteria producing SCFA, increasing the intestinal content of SCFAs, improve intestinal morphology, and enhance intestinal absorption function in vitamin-deficient rats, thereby promoting the growth and development of vitamin-deficient rats. These results provide a scientific basis for the development of functional foods.
作者
刘飞
郝婧宇
赵子夫
司徒文佑
段素芳
霍贵成
哈惠
LIU Fei;HAO Jingyu;ZHAO Zifu;SZETO Ignatius Manyau;DUAN Sufang;HUO Guicheng;HA Hui(Key Laboratory of Dairy Science,Ministry of Education,College of Food Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 010110,China;Yili Maternal and Infant Nutrition Institute,Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group,Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100022,China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第19期118-128,共11页
Food Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072190)
东北农业大学“学术骨干”项目(20XG12)。
关键词
山楂
麦芽
膳食纤维
维生素缺乏
肠道功能
hawthorn
malt
dietary fibers
vitamin deficiency
intestinal function
