摘要
《反有组织犯罪法》创设了相对独立的涉黑违法财产证明体系。该体系以涉黑违法所得及其孳息、收益为证明对象,通过证明责任的附条件转移,要求被告人在公诉方已履行涉黑违法财产证明责任的前提下承担“财产合法来源”的“说明”义务。该体系引入“高度可能性”证明标准,要求辩证处理该证明标准与被告人“说明财产合法来源”的关系,细化“说明”的相对标准以及“不能说明”的具体情形。该体系要求设立相对独立的证明程序,适当吸收被害人、第三方参与,通过举证、质证、认证过程,认定涉黑财产的违法事实并依法处置该财产。
The Anti-Organized Crime Law establishes a relatively independent property certification system for gang-related violations.The system takes the proceeds of gang-related illegal activities and their fruits and profits as the object of proof.Meanwhile,it requires the defendant to bear the obligation of explanation of legal source of property on the premise that the public prosecution party has fulfilled the burden of proof of gang-related illegal property through conditional transfer of proof burden.Furthermore,the system introduces the high possibility proof standard,requires dialectical treatment of the relationship between the proof standard and the defendant’ s explanation of the legal source of property,and details the relative standard of explanation and the specific situation of cannot explain.Moreover,in order to identify the illegal facts related to gang-related property and dispose of the property according to law,the system requires the establishment of relatively independent certification procedures,appropriate participation of victims and third parties in the process of the evidence presentation,cross-examination and certification.
作者
姚显森
Yao Xiansen(Procedural Law Research Center,Henan University,Kaifeng Henan 475001)
出处
《政法论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期139-149,共11页
Journal of Political Science and Law
基金
2021年河南省哲学社会科学规划年度项目《黄河流域环境犯罪类案类判问题研究》(项目批准号:2021BFX016)
2022年度河南大学研究生教育教学改革研究与实践项目《法律硕士研究生法律服务培养模式研究与实践》(项目批准号:YJSJG2022XJ015)的阶段性成果。
关键词
涉黑违法财产
证明对象
证明责任转移
证明标准调整
gang-related illegal property
proof object
transfer of burden of proof
adjustment of standard of proof
