摘要
目的比较2种模拟器训练场景下体验黑洞错觉的效果。方法16名飞行员按进场训练顺序分为完全无参照组和有限参照组,每组8人,在空间定向障碍模拟器上进行暗光条件下进场飞行,体验黑洞错觉。完全无参照组飞行员进入黑暗环境前看不见跑道灯,有限参照组飞行员对正跑道后再进入黑暗环境飞行。对比分析两组飞行员在着陆过程中的着陆成功率、飞机偏离跑道角度及偏离下滑线角度。结果完全无参照组着陆成功2人,有限参照组着陆成功6人,两组着陆成功率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。完全无参照组飞机偏离跑道角度大于有限参照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.04,P=0.005)。完全无参照组飞机偏离下滑线角度大于有限参照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.64,P=0.008)。结论参照物在黑洞错觉训练中起到关键作用。完全无参照的模拟器训练场景下,进场飞行使飞行员体验到的黑洞错觉更强,对飞行操作的影响更大。借助仪表飞行对于克服黑洞错觉至关重要。
Objective To compare the effects of experiencing the black hole illusion in 2 training scenarios.Methods Sixteen pilots,who were randomly divided into no reference group and finite reference group(8 pilots in each group)by visible substance in approaching,experienced black hole illusion through approaching flight under dark condition on the spatial disorientation simulator.No reference group conducted black hole approaching flight under complete dark environment besides the runway lights while the finite reference group had a day sight to runway before entering such complete dark approaching.The success rate of landing,the angle of departure from the runway and the angle of departure from the glide line of the two groups of pilots were statistically compared and analyzed.Results There were 2 successful landings in no reference group,and 6 successful landings in finite reference group.There was a statistically significant difference in the success rates of landing between no reference group and finite reference group(P>0.05).The deviation angle of the aircraft from the runway in no reference group was significantly higher than that in finite reference group(t=4.04,P=0.005).The deviation angle of the aircraft from the glide line in no reference group was greater than that in finite reference group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=3.64,P=0.008).Conclusions The reference plays a key role in black hole approaching.The less reference in simulator training scenario the stronger black hole illusion pilot perceived and influence on operation.It is suggested that flying by instrument would be critical to overcome black hole illusion.
作者
张琳
姚钦
刘娟
周晴霖
赵显亮
刘琳
苏芳
Lin Zhang;Qin Yao;Juan Liu;Qinglin Zhou;Xianliang Zhao;Lin Liu;Fang Su(Department of Aviation Physiology Identification Training,Air Force Medical Center,PLA,Beijing 100142,China;Department of Aviation Psychology,Air Force Medical Center,PLA,Beijing 100142,China;General Demonstration Research Department of Aviation Medicine,Air Force Medical Center,PLA,Beijing 100142,China)
出处
《中华航空航天医学杂志》
2022年第2期106-109,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine
关键词
错觉
黑洞
空间定向障碍
飞行员
Illusion
Black hole
Spatial disorientation
Pilots Contributor Information
