摘要
厚煤层分层开采时,顶板覆岩结构破坏对巷道的稳定性以及工作面的支护稳定性起决定性的控制作用。针对厚砂岩顶板直覆条件下的采空区悬顶不垮,来压步距大,断裂后产生较大冲击地压等问题,以顾北矿13121上工作面为工程背景,通过理论分析、现场探测、力学试验、数值模拟等方法综合研究,揭示分层开采厚硬顶板覆岩结构破坏机理,得出顶板移动变形及应力分布规律。结果表明:厚硬顶板在工作面开采时垮落步距大,采动影响剧烈,塑性区破坏发育,工程上表现为采空区大面积悬顶,煤帮大面积片帮破坏。据此,提出厚硬顶板切顶预裂深孔爆破技术,并成功应用于顾北矿13121上工作面,缩短了初次和周期来压步距,使巷道围岩变形和采场矿压得以有效控制。
In the slicing mining of thick coal,the failure of roof overburden structure is decisive in controlling the stability of roadway and the support stability of working face.In view of the problems such as the hanging roof in the goaf under the direct overburden of thick sandstone roof,large weighting interval,and serious rock bust after roof breaking,the 13121 upper working face of Gubei Coal Mine is taken as the engineering background,and the failure mechanism of the overlying rock structure of thick and hard roof in slicing mining is revealed through theoretical analysis,field detection,mechanical test and numerical simulation,and the laws of roof movement,deformation and stress distribution are obtained.The results show that the caving interval of thick and hard roof is long,the mining influence is severe,and the plastic zone is destroyed,which is manifested as large area hanging roof in goaf and large area rib spalling in engineering practice.Accordingly,the deep-hole pre-splitting blasting for thick and hard roof cutting was proposed and applied to 13121 upper working face in Gubei Coal Mine,which shortened the initial and periodic weighting interval and controlled the surrounding rock of roadway and mine pressure in the stope.
作者
康志鹏
赵靖
段昌瑞
KANG Zhi-peng;ZHAO Jing;DUAN Chang-rui(Huainan Mining(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Huainan 232001,China;Coal Mining National Engineering Technology Research Institute,Huainan 232001,China;State Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Mining and Environmental Protection,Huainan 232001,China)
出处
《煤炭工程》
北大核心
2022年第8期78-83,共6页
Coal Engineering
基金
安徽省重点研究和开发计划(201904a07020011)。
关键词
分层开采
厚硬顶板
覆岩破坏机理
移动变形
应力分布
slicing mining
thick and hard roof
failure mechanism of overburden
movement deformation
stress distribution
