摘要
为摸清热带生态区玉米自交系雄穗生育特性,以6个不同类型玉米自交系CL85、17H16、PHHJC、KWS2-4321、13H6、13H37为材料,研究其雄穗主轴、分枝生育动态,雄穗逐日开花和逐时散粉规律,雄穗鲜重、雄穗体积与雄穗散粉量的相关关系。结果表明:整体上看,各自交系雄穗生育第1~4天主轴长度迅速增加,第4~7天增加变缓,第10~13天达到峰值后略有降低;第1~4天主轴直径迅速增加,第7天之后生育幅度相近;雄穗主轴生育与生育日数之间符合二次多项式关系。雄穗分枝长度与分枝直径基本呈现先升后降趋势:雄穗分枝长度第1~4天生长缓慢,第4~7天生长较快,第10天之后又平稳变化,但分枝直径比主轴直径生育持续时期长。雄穗主轴开花比分枝提前1~2 d,分枝终花比主轴延迟1~2 d;雄穗主轴开花持续5~7 d,分枝开花持续5~6 d;雄穗主轴盛花期集中在开花第2~3天,分枝盛花期集中在开花第4~5天。雄穗散粉量8时较少,9—10时急剧增加,10—11时大幅下降;12时之后散粉量缓慢降低,散粉持续到17—18时;雄穗散粉量与雄穗鲜重、雄穗体积呈显著正相关。
In order to figure out the tassel growth characteristics of maize inbred lines in tropical ecological area,six types of maize inbred lines CL85,17 H16,PHHJC,KWS2-4321,13 H6 and 13 H37 were used as materials to study the growth dynamics of tassel spindle and branches,the law of tassel daily flowering and hourly pollen shedding,and the correlations between tassel fresh weight,tassel volume and tassel pollen dispersal amount.The results were as follows.On the whole,the spindle length of all inbred lines increased rapidly from the 1 st to the 4 th day of tassel growth,increased slowly from the 4 th to the 7 th day,and decreased slightly after reaching the peak value from the 10 th to the 13 th day;the spindle diameter increased rapidly from the 1 st to the 4 th day,and the growth range was similar after the 7 th day;the relationship between tassel spindle growth and growth day number fit a quadratic polynomial model.The tassel branch length and diameter basically increased first and then decreased.The tassel branch length grew slowly during 1~4 days,grew faster during 4~7 days,and changed steadily after 10 days;but the growth of branch diameter lasted longer than that of spindle diameter.The tassel spindle bloomed 1~2-day earlier compared to the tassel branch,while the final flower of the branch was 1~2-day later compared to the tassel spindle;the tassel spindle continued to blossom for 5~7 days,and the tassel branch continued to blossom for 5~6 days.The full-bloom period of tassel spindle was concentrated in the 2~3 days of flowering,while that of the tassel branch was concentrated in the 4~5 days.The tassel pollen dispersal amount was less at 8 o’clock,increased sharply during 9~10 o’clock,decreased sharply during 10~11 o’clock,and decreased slowly after 12 o’clock;the pollen dispersal lasted until 17~18 o’clock.The tassel pollen dispersal amount was significantly positively correlated with the fresh weight and volume of tassel.
作者
许海涛
冯晓曦
许波
张军刚
郭海斌
王友华
王成业
Xu Haitao;Feng Xiaoxi;Xu Bo;Zhang Jungang;Guo Haibin;Wang Youhua;Wang Chengye(Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhumadian Comprehensive Experimental Station,Henan Maize Industrial Technology System,Zhumadian 463000,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
北大核心
2022年第8期54-61,共8页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省重大科技专项(161100110500-0108)
河南现代玉米产业技术体系驻马店综合试验站建设项目(Z2021-02-04)。
关键词
热带生态区
玉米
自交系
雄穗
生长发育
Tropical ecological area
Maize
Inbred line
Tassel
Growth and development
