摘要
“致人失踪”和“造成水域污染”是水上交通事故中经常出现的两种“特殊后果”。由于我国《刑法》在设置交通肇事罪时对其缺乏明确规定,司法实践中出现了多种刑事处理方式,如不予评价,将“致人失踪”解释为“致人死亡”,将“造成水域污染”换算为财产损失等。这些做法不利于法律适用的统一性和公正性,也不符合罪刑法定原则的要求。合理解决这一问题必须坚持体系化思维,根据不同情况做出不同处理。如果行为已经构成了交通肇事罪,在不违反罪责刑相适应原则的前提下,可将这两种“特殊后果”作为量刑情节对待。如果行为不构成交通肇事罪,或者将这两种“特殊后果”作为该罪的量刑情节违反罪责刑相适应原则时,可将全案以重大责任事故罪论处。对于一些因不作为而造成水域污染的情形,可按污染环境罪论处。
“Missing people”and“water pollution”are two“special consequences”that often occur in water traffic accidents.Due to the lack of clear provisions on the crime of traffic accident in the Criminal Law of China,there are different judicial practices to deal with such consequences,such as dismissing,interpreting“missing people”as“dead people”,and converting“water pollution”into property loss,etc.Those practices are not conducive to the unity and impartiality of the application of laws,nor do they meet the requirements of the principle of legally prescribed punishment.To solve this problem reasonably,we must adhere to the systematic thinking and take different measures according to different situations.First,if the act has constituted the crime of traffic accident,the two“special consequences”can be treated as circumstances of sentencing without violating the principle of compatibility of crime,responsibility and punishment.Second,if the act does not constitute a traffic accident crime,or treating the two“special consequences”as circumstances of sentencing is in violation of the principle of compatibility of crime,responsibility and punishment,the case can be treated as a major accident involving serious consequences.Third,some cases of water pollution caused by omission can be punished as the crime of environmental pollution.
作者
敦宁
唐莹莹
Dun Ning;Tang Yingying(Law School of Dalian Maritime University,Dalian,Liaoning 116026)
出处
《山东警察学院学报》
2022年第1期5-17,共13页
Journal of Shandong Police College
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“预防型犯罪的法治体系构造研究”(项目编号:19BFX068)
中华全国总工会重点研究项目“海员权益保障与海上交通事故刑事归责的协调化研究”(项目编号:84210006)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
水上交通事故
致人失踪
造成水域污染
刑法评价
water traffic accidents
missing people
water pollution
criminal law evaluation
