摘要
黄河流域沉积物中重金属已被广泛研究,然而,现有的大多数研究都是基于某单一河流、区域或湖泊对沉积物中重金属进行了剖析,而很少有研究从流域尺度方面进行重金属污染评估。因此,该文通过研究前人文献,在总结相关数据基础上,运用污染负荷指数、修正污染程度、沉积物质量基准系数及潜在生态风险指数对黄河全流域沉积物中污染状况进行了评估分析。采用相关分析和主成分分析法进行了重金属源解析。流域沉积物中重金属含量依次为Cr>Zn>Ni>Cu>Pb>As>Cd。污染负荷指数和修正污染程度表明窟野河及大汶河污染程度最高。沉积物质量基准系数法表明7种重金属在黄河流域上整体无毒性影响,Cr在部分区域存在毒性影响。根据潜在生态风险评价结果,黄河流域整体表现为低生态风险,窟野河呈现高生态风险。黄河流域沉积物中重金属污染在空间上整体呈现先增后减的波动情况,这与沿河流向各区域的工农业发展状况息息相关。源解析表明黄河流域沉积物中重金属污染主要来源于化学肥料的使用、矿业开采活动及城市工业废气废水。
Heavy metals in aquatic sediments of the Yellow River basin have been widely studied.However,most of the existing studies are based on the analysis of heavy metals in sediments of a single river,region or lake,there are few reports on the evaluation of heavy metal pollution at the watershed scale.Therefore,by studying the previous literature and summarizing the relevant data,pollution load index and modified pollution level,sediment quality guidelines and potential ecological risk index were used to assess and analyze the pollution status in the sediments of the whole Yellow River basin.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the heavy metal sources.The sediment content of heavy metals in the basin was Cr>Zn>Ni>Cu>Pb>As>Cd.The pollution load index and the modified pollution level indicated that the highest pollution level was found in the Kuye and Dawen rivers.The sediment quality benchmark coefficient method indicates that the seven heavy metals have no toxic effects on the Yellow River basin as a whole,and Cr has toxic effects in some areas.According to the results of potential ecological risk evaluation,the Yellow River basin as a whole showed low ecological risk,and the Kuye River showed high ecological risk.The overall spatial fluctuation of heavy metal pollution in the sediments of the Yellow River basin is increasing and then decreasing,which is closely related to the industrial and agricultural development of each region along the river.The source analysis shows that heavy metal pollution in the sediments of the Yellow River basin mainly comes from the use of chemical fertilizers,mining activities and urban industrial waste gas and wastewater.
作者
李莹
李家科
解伟峰
王哲
王东琦
陈力
LI Ying;LI Jiake;XIE Weifeng;WANG Zhe;WANG Dongqi;CHEN Li(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi'an 70048 China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期96-104,共9页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
陕西省重点研发项目(2019ZDLSF06-01)。
关键词
黄河流域
沉积物
重金属
污染评估
来源分析
the Yellow River basin
sediments
heavy metals
pollution assessment
source analysis
