摘要
本试验旨在研究水飞蓟素对快大型黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、脂质代谢和胆汁酸代谢相关基因表达的影响。试验选取288羽1日龄的快大型黄羽肉鸡母雏,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12羽。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加250(低剂量)、500(中剂量)和750 g/t(高剂量)水飞蓟素的饲粮。试验期56 d,其中1~28日龄为试验前期,29~56日龄为试验后期。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加水飞蓟素可以显著提高黄羽肉鸡各阶段的末重、平均日增重以及前期平均日采食量(P<0.05),并显著降低各阶段料重比(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中、高剂量水飞蓟素能够显著降低黄羽肉鸡腹脂率(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加水飞蓟素能够显著提高黄羽肉鸡28日龄血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(高剂量除外),显著降低28和56日龄血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P<0.05);饲粮中添加低、中剂量水飞蓟素能够显著降低黄羽肉鸡56日龄血清甘油三酯含量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加水飞蓟素可以显著降低黄羽肉鸡28日龄肝脏胆固醇7α-羟化酶(CYP7A1)mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),显著提高28日龄肝脏法尼酯X受体(FXR)、胆汁酸盐输出泵(BSEP)和多药耐药蛋白2(MRP2)(低剂量除外) mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05);饲粮中添加水飞蓟素能够显著提高黄羽肉鸡56日龄肝脏BSEP和MRP2(低剂量除外) mRNA相对表达量(P <0.05),饲粮中添加中、高剂量水飞蓟素能够显著降低56日龄肝脏CYP7A1mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),饲粮中添加低、高剂量水飞蓟素能显著提高56日龄肝脏FXR mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加水飞蓟素可以通过调节肝脏胆汁酸合成和转运,改善脂质代谢,进而降低黄羽肉鸡腹脂率并提高屠宰率和全净膛率,并提升肉鸡生长性能,其中以前期添加高剂量(750 g/t)、后期添加中剂量(500 g/t)为宜。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silymarin on growth performance,slaughter performance,lipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism related gene expression of fast growth yellow feather broilers.A total of 288 fast growth yellow feather female chicks of 1-day-old were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 12 chicks in each replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with silymarin at low dose of 250 g/t,medium dose of 500 g/t and high dose of 750 g/t,respectively.The experiment lasted for 56 days,with 1 to28 days of age as the early stage and 29 to 56 days of age as the late stage.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,dietary silymarin significantly increased the final body weight and average daily gain of yellow feather broilers at all stages and the average daily feed intake in the early stage(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain at all stages(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the medium and high doses of dietary silymarin significantly reduced the abdominal fat percentage of yellow feather broilers(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,dietary silymarin significantly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol content(except high dose)of yellow feather broilers at28 days of age,and significantly decreased the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol content at 28 and 56days of age(P<0.05).The low and medium doses of dietary silymarin significantly reduced the serum triglyceride content of yellow feather broilers at 56 days of age(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,dietary silymarin significantly reduced the cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase(CYP7A1)mRNA relative expression level in liver of yellow feather broilers at 28 days of age(P<0.05),and significantly increased the mRNA relative expression levels of farnesoid X receptor(FXR),bile salt export pump(BSEP)and multidrug resistant protein 2(MRP2)(except low dose)in liver at 28 days of age(P<0.05).Dietary silymarin significantly increased the mRNA relative expression levels of BSEP and MRP2(except low dose)in liver of yellow feather broilers at 56 days of age(P<0.05),the medium and high doses of dietary silymarin significantly decreased the CYP7A1 mRNA relative expression level in liver at 56 days of age(P<0.05),and the low and high doses of dietary silymarin significantly increased the FXR mRNA relative expression level in liver at 56 days of age(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary silymarin can improve the lipid metabolism by regulating liver bile acid synthesis and transport,thereby reducing abdominal fat percentage,increasing slaughter yield and all eviscerated yield,and improving growth performance of yellow feather broilers,and the high dose of 750 g/t in the early stage and medium dose of 500 g/t in the later stage are appropriate.
作者
周昭彬
丁亚南
白心亮
宋泽和
贺喜
刘自逵
ZHOU Zhaobin;DING Yanan;BAI Xinliang;SONG Zehe;HE Xi;LIU Zikui(College of Animal Medicine,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Inner Mongolia Ever Brilliance Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Tongliao 028400,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期5000-5010,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2018YFE0101700)
财政部和农业农村部-国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-41-Z08)
湖南省科技人才托举工程(2020TJ-Q02)。
关键词
水飞蓟素
快大型黄羽肉鸡
生长性能
屠宰性能
脂质代谢
胆汁酸代谢
silymarin
fast growth yellow feather broilers
growth performance
slaughter performance
lipid metabolism
bile acid metabolism
