摘要
目的 探讨福州市某小学一起急性胃肠炎的病因及其危险因素,为类似疫情现场处置提供参考。方法 按照病例定义开展病例搜索,开展个案调查,描述三间分布特征,调查可疑因素。采集病例的肛拭样本;运用RT-PCR法对样本进行诺如病毒核酸检测。结果 此次疫情累计报告病例82例,罹患率3.94%(82/2080),历时22 d。其中,以呕吐(91.46%)、腹痛(51.22%2)为主,部分伴有腹泻(30.49%)、发热(9.76%)。15份病例呕吐物及肛试样本中检出诺如病毒核酸阳性共7份,阳性率为46.67%。不同年级学生罹患率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与病例接触可能是疫情的主要危险因素(O R=4.92,95%CI:2.43~9.99)。结论 本次事件系一起学校发生的诺如病毒感染引起的急性胃肠炎暴发疫情,与病例接触是此次疫情暴发的可能原因。
Objective To explore the etiology and risk factors of an acute gastroenteritis in a primary school in Fuzhou city, so as to provide reference for on-site treatment of similar epidemic situation. Methods A case search was conducted according to the case definition, and the case investigation was conducted to describe the distribution characteristics and investigate risk factors.Anal swab samples of cases were collected;Samples were assayed for norovirus nucleic acid by RT-PCR. Results A total of 82 cases were found while the total attack rate reached 3.94%(82/2 080).The outbreak lasted for 22 days.The clinical symptoms of the cases mainly included vomiting(91.46%),abdominal pain(51.22%),diarrhea(30.49%) and fever( 32.79%).A total of 15 samples were tested in laboratory, among them, 7 fecal samples of cases were detected norovirus positive.The positive rate was 46.67%.There were statistically significant differences in the attack rates among students in different grades(P<0.01).Exposure to cases may be a major risk factor for the outbreak(O R=4.92,95%CI:2.43-9.99). Conclusion The epidemic is an acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by norovirus infection at the school, and contacted with cases might be the main cause of the outbreak.
作者
赖绮华
LAI Qi-hua(Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou,Fujian,350004,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2022年第7期546-547,551,共3页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
诺如病毒
学校
呕吐
腹泻
学校卫生
Norovirus
School
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
School health
