摘要
为探究不同酸制剂及其衍生物组合对育肥猪肠道微生物多样性的影响。试验选择48头猪,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复4头猪。A组饲喂基础饲粮(玉米—豆粕型饲粮),B组在A组饲粮中添加1 kg·t^(-1)短链与中链复合酸制剂,C组在A组饲粮中添加1 kg·t^(-1)酸制剂衍生物,D组在A组饲粮中添加1 kg·t^(-1)短链复合酸制剂。结果表明:(1)与A组相比,B、C和D组各有1个特有OTU,4组共同拥有的OTUs为696个。(2)在门水平,主要为拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、螺旋体门、变形菌门、纤维杆菌门,占整个菌群95%以上。其中,B组的拟杆菌门显著高于其他组(P<0.05),D组的厚壁菌门显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Kiritimatiellaeota显著低于对照组(P<0.05),疣微菌门显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在属水平,B组的Treponema_2显著低于A和C组(P<0.05),B组的uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiraceae、dgA_11_gut_group显著高于其他组(P<0.05),D组的Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005、uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae、Streptococcu显著高于A、B组(P<0.05),C组的Prevotellaceae_UCG-001显著高于其他组(P<0.05),C组的uncultured_bacterium_f_p_2534_18B5_gut_group显著低于其他组(P<0.05),A组的Lactobacillus显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。(3)A组、B组的Chao1、Ace、Shannon指数均显著高于C组和D组(P<0.05),A组和B组之间、C组和D组之间差异不显著,B组和D组的Simpson指数高于A组和C组,但差异不显著。(4)通过非加权组平均法(UPGMA)和非度量多维标定法(NMDS)分析,A、B、C、D组均能够较好的单独聚类,表明饲粮中添加不同酸制剂后,肠道中微生物组成不同。(5)KEGG功能预测分析显示,与A组相比,B组微生物的氟苯甲酸降解、硫酸代谢、类胡萝卜素生物合成、甲苯降解、肾细胞癌、光合生物中的碳固定、柠檬烯和蒎烯降解能力显著升高;C组、D组的类固醇降解、二苯乙烯类二芳基庚烷合成、姜辣素生物合成、初级胆汁酸生物合成能力均显著下降。综上可知,饲粮中添加酸制剂改善了育肥猪微生物群落结构,提高了育肥猪肠道中部分有益微生物的相对丰度,促进了肠道微生物的代谢功能。
In order to explore the effects of different acid preparations and their derivative combinations on intestinal microbial diversity in finishing pigs,48 pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 4 pigs in each replicate.Group A(control group)was fed with conventional corn soybean meal basic diet,group B(test group 1)was added with 1 kg·t^(-1) short chain and medium chain compound organic acid,group C(test group 2)was added with 1 kg·t^(-1) medium chain organic acid,and group D(test group 3)was added with 1 kg·t^(-1) short chain compound organic acid.The results showed that:(1)compared with group A,group B,C and D each had a unique OTU,and the four groups shared 696 OTUs.(2)At the phylum level,it was mainly bacteroidea,firmicutes,spirochetes,Proteus and fibrobacteria,accounting for more than 95%of the whole flora.Bacteroidea in group B was significantly higher than that in other groups,firmicutes in group D was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),kiritimatiellaeota was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and verruca was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).At the genus level,Treponema_2 in group B was significantly lower than that in group A and C(P<0.05),and that in group B was uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiraceae、dgA_11_gut_group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05),and in group D Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005,uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae and Streptococcus were significantly higher than those in group A and B(P<0.05),and in group C prevotellaceae_Ucg-001 was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05),uncultured_bacterium_f_p_2534_18B5_gut_group was significantly lower than other groups(P<0.05),and Lactobacillus in group A was significantly lower than other groups(P<0.05).(3)The Chao1,ACE and Shannon indexes of group A and group B were significantly higher than those of group C and group D(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between group A and group B,between group C and Group D.The Simpson indexes of group B and group D were higher than those of group A and group C,but the difference was not significant.(4)Through the analysis of unweighted group average method(UPGMA)and non metric multidimensional calibration method(NMDS),groups A,B,C and D could better cluster separately,indicating that the microbial composition in the intestine was different after adding different organic acids to the diet.(5)KEGG function prediction analysis showed that compared with group A,the degradation of fluorobenzoic acid,sulfuric acid metabolism,carotenoid biosynthesis,toluene degradation,renal cell carcinoma,carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,and the degradation of limonene and pinene in group B were significantly higher;the infection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in group C increased significantly,steroid degradation,biosynthesis of stilbene diarylheptane and gingerol,and biosynthesis of primary bile acids decreased significantly in groups C and D.It can be seen that the addition of acid preparation in the diet improves the microbial community structure of finishing pigs,increases the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and decreases the relative abundance of harmful bacteria,and promotes the metabolic function of intestinal microorganisms.
作者
李宁
于海霞
刘仲昊
郑梓
闫峻
王鸿英
LI Ning;YU Haixia;LIU Zhonghao;ZHENG Zi;YAN Jun;WANG Hongying(Institute of Livestock and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center,Tianjin 300061,China)
出处
《天津农业科学》
CAS
2022年第7期50-57,共8页
Tianjin Agricultural Sciences
基金
天津市农业科学院青年创新项目(2021020)
天津市种业创新研究(2022ZYCX009)
绿色安全饲料饲养新技术研发示范。
关键词
酸制剂
育肥猪
肠道
微生物
acidifier
fattening pig
intestine
microorganism
