摘要
在数字经济时代,通过数字平台整合企业内外资源来创造价值和获取竞争优势已经成为一种普遍现象。然而,已有研究在数字平台如何实现价值创造这一问题的理解上并不清晰。基于资源编排理论,本文识别出了数字平台情境下的两种管理行为——数字平台架构柔性和整合能力,以解释数字平台驱动价值创造的逻辑。基于中国129家企业样本数据,研究证实:(1)数字平台架构通用性、兼容性和扩展性均显著正向影响组织绩效;(2)整合能力在数字平台架构柔性的价值创造机制中扮演着中介作用,其中整合能力在数字平台架构兼容性、扩展性对组织绩效的正向影响效应之间具有完全中介作用。本文扩展了资源编排理论在数字平台情境下的适用性,为数字平台价值创造机制的理论研究提供了新的见解。
In recent years, the platform strategy has swept the world, significantly affecting the way of value creation, the market competition pattern, evolution, and transformation of the industrial structure, as well as people’s life. This phenomenon was called “Platform Revolution”. At the same time, the rapid development of emerging digital technologies, such as big data, cloud computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence has brought new impetus to transform the traditional platforms into digital platforms. The digital platform is easier to expand and has lower transaction costs, further enhancing the core mechanism of using platforms to create values, i.e., network effect. Thus, the resource orchestration theory is applied in this study to fill this gap. The traditional resource theory mainly focuses on the general characteristics of rent-generating resources, which are value, rarity, inimitability and nonsubstitutability. Yet, the resource orchestration theory challenges this basic logic and holds that the management of resources by enterprises is as important as the resources they own. It means that the competitive advantage of an enterprise may not be obtained by the resources it owns but by effective resource management behaviors to make full use of resources and thereby create a competitive advantage. However, the understanding of how digital platforms affect the enterprise performance is limited, and a great number of enterprises have failed in applying digital platform. To address this issue, previous studies claim that further research should be carried out to deepen the understanding of how the digital platform capability affects the enterprise performance through a profound renovation of network management. The resource orchestration theory is thus required to bring insights into the mechanism of using the digital platform capability to improve organizational performance. Thus, it has been prevalent for firms to create values and obtain a competitive advantage by integrating external and internal resources through digital platforms. Yet, it remains unclear how values can be created by using digital platforms. Drawing on the resource orchestration theory, we identify two managerial actions, the digital platform architecture flexibility(PAF) and integration capability(IC), to explain how them work together to improve competitive performance in digital platform context. Based on analysis of 129 samples of Chinese firm, the results indicate that 1) the digital platform architecture reusability(PAR), compatibility(PAC) and extensibility(PAE) have positive effects on the competitive performance(CP);2) the IC of digital platform acts as mediation role in the effect of PAC and PAE on CP. This research also provides suggestions for managerial practice. First, given that digital platform flexibility has positive relationship with performance, managers should undertake digital platform strategy immediately. In the emerging context of digitalization, it is required for enterprises to focus on the important driving force of value creation in the digital era-digitization and platformization;that is, effectively using the unique functions and services of digital platforms to enhance their competitiveness. Second, this research confirms that the different dimensions of DPF have different effects on performance and different internal mechanisms. This novel discovery helps enterprise managers to determine the corresponding architecture design and strategic design goals in the process of building a digital platform. Third, this study provides new ideas for Chinese enterprises to use digital platforms to achieve high-end upgrades and potential upgrades in the value chain. The ideas of creating a digital platform and enhancing the DPF and IC in this paper have broken this single-linear cooperative relationship. This study holds that the creation, transformation, and allocation of values are based on the network effect of the platform with digital platforms or innovative ecosystem as the carrier. These findings extend the applicability of the resource orchestration theory in the digital platform context, which bringing more insights to the research on the mechanisms of using digital platforms to create values.
作者
冯军政
王海军
周丹
金姝彤
FENG Jun-zheng;WANG Hai-jun;ZHOU Dan;JIN Shu-tong(School of Management of Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Shenyang University of Technology School of Management,Shenyang 110870,China;School of Finance of Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期1244-1253,共10页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
教育部人文社科青年项目(18YJC790028)
国家社会科学基金资助项目(19BGJ014)
浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目(2021QN040)。
关键词
数字平台
资源编排理论
数字平台架构柔性
整合能力
组织绩效
digital platform
resource orchestration theory
digital platform architecture flexibility
integration capability
performance
