摘要
【目的】分析不同水分胁迫处理火龙果生长及生理指标的影响,探索其抗旱生长和生理响应,为火龙果的水分管理提供科学依据。【方法】以一年生红肉火龙果“紫红龙”扦插苗为材料,模拟自然状态,进行降雨—干旱交替处理的正常供水(CK,土壤含水量保持在田间持水量的80%)、轻度干旱胁迫(LD,土壤最低含水量为田间持水量的60%)、中度干旱胁迫(MD,土壤最低含水量为田间持水量的40%)和重度干旱胁迫(SD,土壤最低含水量为田间持水量的20%)的盆栽干旱处理试验,于火龙果生长期间对植株生长和生物量、植株养分、根系形态特征、气孔形态特征和生理指标进行测定分析。【结果】轻、中度干旱总体上对火龙果新枝生长,地上和地下部干重无显著影响;重度干旱条件下火龙果未出现幼苗死亡的现象,表明火龙果抗旱强与地上部的生物学形态、水分保持和生理代谢等密切相关。火龙果根系仅占总生物量的极少部分(≤4.71%),火龙果总根长、根系总表面积、总根体积、平均根系直径等根系生长指标值随水分胁迫的加重而减小。干旱提高植株氮、磷、钾含量,火龙果一级、二级分枝的含水量和水势均随水分胁迫程度的加重而逐渐降低,相同干旱胁迫程度下一级分枝的含水量均低于二级分枝。SOD、POD、脯氨酸、丙二醛含量随着干旱程度的增加呈先升高后降低趋势,均以MD胁迫下SOD、POD、脯氨酸、丙二醛含量最高;CAT活性则随着干旱胁迫程度的加重逐渐升高。【结论】火龙果抗旱性极强,可种植于西南干热河谷地区。控制土壤相对含水量为60%左右有利于火龙果的生长发育。
【Objective】The effect of water stress on the growth and physiological indexes of Hylocereus polyrhizus are analyzed,and its growth together with physiological response to drought stress was explored,so as to provide scientific basis for water management of H.polyrhizus.【Method】Taking the cutting seedling of annual H.polyrhizus‘Zihonglong’as material,with the simulation of natural status,a series of pot experiments,including normal water supply treated with raining-drought alternately(CK,the water content in soil accounts for 80%of field capacity),light drought(LD,the lowest water content in soil accounts for 60%of field capacity),moderate drought(MD,the lowest water content in soil accounts for 40%of field capacity)and severe drought(SD,the lowest water content in soil accounts for 20%of field capacity)were carried out.The plant growth status,biomass,plant nutrients,traits of root shape,traits of stomal shape and physiological indexes were determined and analyzed during growth period of H.polyrhizus.【Result】In general,there was no significant effect of LD and MD on the growth of new branches,the aboveground and underground dry weight.Under SD conditions,there was no seedling death,which indicated that the ability of resistant to drought of H.polyrhizus was closely related to the biological morphology,water retention,and physiological metabolism of above ground part.The roots of H.polyrhizus accounted for only a small part of the total biomass(4.71%).The physiological index values,such as total root length,total root area,total root volume and average root diameter and so on,decreased with the deepening of water stress.Drought increased the content of N,P and K,and the water content and water potential of the first-class branch and second-class branch of H.polyrhizus decreased with the deepening of water stress,as the water content of first-class branch was lower than that of second-class branch under same drought stress level.SOD,POD,proline and MDA content showed a trend of first rising and then reducing with the rising of drought stress level.Under MD,SOD,POD,proline and MDA content were all the highest.CAT activity gradually became bigger with the rising of drought stress level.【Conclusion】H.polyrhizus has strong resistance to drought,which can be cultivated in of the dry-hot valley areas Southwest China.Regulating the water content in soil as 60%is suitable for the growth of H.polyrhizus.
作者
李莉婕
赵泽英
黎瑞君
冯恩英
岳延滨
袁玲
聂克艳
LI Li-jie;ZHAO Ze-ying;LI Rui-jun;FENG En-ying;YUE Yan-bin;YUAN Ling;NIE Ke-yan(Guizhou Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Information,Guiyang 550006,China;College of Resource and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1371-1377,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科研机构创新能力建设专项资金[黔科合服企(2021)15号]
国家自然科学基金(31460319)
贵州省农科院重点科技成果培育项目[黔农科院成培计(2018)02]。
关键词
火龙果
干旱胁迫
生物量
养分含量
养分吸收量
抗氧化酶活性
Hylocereus polyrhizus
Drought stress
Biomass
Nutrients content
Nutrients absorption
Activity of antioxidant enzyme
