摘要
美国社会学家罗伯特·安东尼奥将社会学对气候变化的研究取向归纳为真实主义与建构主义两种。真实主义因强调气候变化的生物物理属性而被主张以社会事实解释社会现象的主流社会学所忽视。但众多科学证据表明,气候变化已经成为一种新的“社会事实”。通过对已有研究成果的梳理,我们发现真实主义者主要从三个方面探究了作为一种社会事实的气候变化,即:在理论认知上,他们承认气候变化的科学证据、强调气候变化的紧迫性,认为气候变化问题的根本驱动力在于资本主义的生产方式;在社会影响上,他们认为气候变化通过固有的社会机制扩大了社会不平等,对不同国家、不同群体产生了重要影响;在应对策略上,他们主张采取自上而下的行动,提倡集体主义,提出国际协作与国家政策调整相结合的解决方案。
American sociologist Robert Antonio categorizes the orientation of sociological studies on climate change into two types:realism and constructivism.Due to its emphasis on the biophysical properties of climate change,realism has been ignored by mainstream sociological researchers who advocate explaining social phenomena in terms of social facts.But numerous scientific evidences show that climate change has become a new“social fact”.Based on the review of existing research results,it is found that realists have explored climate change as a social fact mainly from three aspects.Firstly,in terms of theoretical cognition,they acknowledge the scientific evidence of climate change,emphasize the urgency of climate change,and believe that the fundamental driving force of climate change lies in the production of capitalism.Secondly,in terms of social impact,they think that climate change has expanded social inequality through inherent social mechanisms,and has had an important impact on different countries and communities.Lastly,in terms of coping strategies,they advocate top-down action and“collectivism”,and propose solutions that combine international collaboration with national policy adjustments.
作者
唐国建
周益
Tang Guojian;Zhou Yi
出处
《鄱阳湖学刊》
2022年第3期108-117,128,共11页
Journal of Poyang Lake
