摘要
目的探究以患者需求为导向的阶段性干预在改善维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者动静脉内瘘(arteriovenous fistula,AVF)管理中的应用。方法回顾性分析海南西部中心医院2019年1月至2021年1月收治的107例MHD患者的临床资料。依据患者入院时间顺序及干预方式进行分组,其中2019年1月至2020年1月接受常规护理干预的患者为对照组(51例),2020年2月至2021年1月采用以患者需求为导向的阶段性干预的患者为研究组(56例)。采用自制的自我护理效能表评定2组患者干预前后的自我护理能力;统计分析2组患者相关并发症发生率,包括血管通路感染、内瘘狭窄、闭塞、栓塞、皮下血肿、血管瘤;采用焦虑自评量表(self‐rating anxiety scale,SAS)与抑郁自评量表(self‐rating depression scale,SDS)评价患者干预前后的负面情绪;采用自制的满意度评价量表评价患者的满意度。结果干预后研究组患者的自我护理效能明显高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者的并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者的SAS量表、SDS量表评分改善情况均显著优于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者的护理满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论以患者需求为导向的阶段性干预在改善血液透析患者AVF管理中能够增强患者的自我护理能力,减少并发症发生率,改善抑郁、焦虑情绪,并提高患者的护理满意度。
Objective To explore the application of patient‐oriented interim intervention for improving the management of arteriovenous fistula(AVF)in the patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 107 MHD patients admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to January 2021.The patients were divided according to sequence of admission and intervention methods.The patients who received conventional nursing intervention from January 2019 to January 2020 were designated as the control group(n=51),while the patients who received patient‐oriented phase intervention from February 2020 to January 2021 were assigned as the study group(n=56).Self nursing capacity scale of the patients in the two groups before and after intervention was evaluated by using the self‐made self‐care scale.Statistical analysis was made on the rate of complications in the 2 groups,including blood vessel infection,internal fistula stenosis,occlusion,embolism,subcutaneous hematoma and hemangioma.Negative emotions of the patients were evaluated by using the self‐rating anxiety(SDS)scale and self‐rating depression scale(SDS)before and after intervention,and the rate of satisfaction was assessed by using the self‐made satisfaction evaluation scale.Results After intervention,the self‐care capacity of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the rate of complications in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the SAS and SDS scores in the study group were obviously superior to those of the control group(P<0.05);and the nursing satisfaction rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Patient‐oriented interim intervention could enhance patients'self‐care ability for improving AVF management of hemodialysis patients,reduce rate of complications,improve depression and anxiety,and increase satisfaction rate of patients.
作者
何二灵
邓善妮
周爱花
He Erling;Deng Shanni;Zhou Aihua(Department of Hemodialysis,Hainan West Central Hospital,Danzhou 571799,China)
出处
《海军医学杂志》
2022年第4期406-410,共5页
Journal of Navy Medicine
基金
海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2019186)。
