摘要
为合理高效利用气候资源发展咸阳冷凉蔬菜种植规模提供理论参考依据,本文利用1991—2020年咸阳市逐日平均气温和逐日平均相对湿度气象资料,结合咸阳南部渭城区和北部旬邑县2020年‘碧玉’萝卜大田生产数据,研究了‘碧玉’萝卜大田种植的农业气象指标和适宜播种期。研究结果表明:(1)日平均气温和日平均相对湿度是影响萝卜营养生长阶段的主要农业气象指标;(2)萝卜最适生长的日平均气温为11.1~24.9℃,萝卜最适生长的日平均相对湿度>47%;(3)咸阳市北部长武、旬邑、淳化的萝卜最适播种期在4月14日至8月5日;彬州、永寿的最适播种期为4月4日至5月16日和7月28日至8月12日。(4)南部县区(渭城、三原、兴平、乾县、武功、泾阳、礼泉)的萝卜最适播种期集中在3月17日至4月13日和8月15日至24日。‘碧玉’萝卜在咸阳的最早播种期与海拔高度具有极显著的相关性(P<0.01);随着海拔的升高,萝卜的最早播种期推迟。
Based on the meteorological data of daily average temperature and daily average relative humidity in Xianyang from 1991 to 2020, and combined with the production data of‘Biyu’radish in field in Weicheng in southern Xianyang and Xunyi County in northern Xianyang in 2020, the agrometeorological indexes and suitable sowing time of‘Biyu’radish in field planting were studied, aiming to provide theoretical reference for the rational and efficient use of climate resources to develop the planting scale of cold climate vegetables in Xianyang. The results showed that(1) daily mean temperature and daily mean relative humidity were the main agrometeorological indexes affecting the vegetative growth stage of radish;(2) the optimal daily average temperature of radish was 11.1-24.9℃, and the optimal daily average relative humidity of radish was >47%.(3) in northern Xianyang, the optimum sowing time of radish in Changwu, Xunyi and Chunhua was from April14 to August 5;the optimum sowing time in Binzhou and Yongshou was from April 4 to May 16 and from July28 to August 12;(4) the optimum sowing time of radish in the southern counties(Weicheng, Sanyuan, Xingping,Ganxian, Wugong, Jingyang and Liquan) was mainly from March 17 to April 13 and from August 15 to 24.There was a significant correlation between the earliest sowing date of‘Biyu’radish in Xianyang and altitude(P<0.01), and the earliest sowing date of radish was delayed with the increase of altitude.
作者
刘艳
刘帆
王孜瑄
赵翔
刘新生
LIU Yan;LIU Fan;WANG Zixuan;ZHAO Xiang;LIU Xinsheng(Xianyang Meteorological Bureau,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Meteorology for Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau,Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau,Xi’an 710014,Shaanxi,China;Qindu District Meteorological Bureau,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《农学学报》
2022年第5期60-64,95,共6页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
咸阳市2019年重点研发项目“咸阳马栏红苹果及高山冷凉蔬菜种植气象条件适宜性研究与应用”(2019K02-127)
陕西省气象局秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室青年基金项目“咸阳冷凉蔬菜种植气候适宜性指标”(2020Y-8)。
关键词
‘碧玉’萝卜
日平均气温
日平均相对湿度
农业气象指标
适播期
‘Biyu’radish
daily average temperature
daily average relative humidity
agrometeorological index
suitable sowing time
