摘要
以鲜食蚕豆品种日本大白皮为试材,于设施大棚内进行5种有机无机肥配施处理[有机肥氮素占总氮比分别为25%(A)、50%(B)、75%(C)、100%(D)和仅施无机肥(CK)],研究有机无机肥配施对设施蚕豆产量及氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明:在相同施氮量条件下,有机无机肥配施可提高设施蚕豆青荚籽粒产量,并以处理B产量最高,两年分别达10337、13595 kg·hm^(-2)。回归分析表明,当有机肥氮素占比为51.1%时,理论上产量可达最大值。在干物质积累方面,有机无机肥配施显著影响设施蚕豆干物质积累速度、积累总量及分配,其中处理B在移栽后0~170 d干物质积累速度最快、最终干物重最高(两年分别达26994、27029 kg·hm^(-2)),且籽粒中分配比例较高。在氮素吸收利用方面,有机无机肥配施对采收期茎和叶中氮素积累量影响不一,但均可增加籽粒氮素积累量,最终提高氮肥偏生产力和氮收获指数(nitrogen harvest index,NHI)。回归分析发现,营养器官(茎+叶)氮素积累量与产量和NHI均呈开口向下抛物线关系,而籽粒和整个地上部氮素积累量则与两者呈线性正相关关系。处理B既可保持适宜营养器官(茎+叶)氮素积累量,同时具有较高的生殖器官(荚壳+籽粒)和总氮素积累量。
Dabaipi(a cultivar of vegetable faba bean)was planted in greenhouses.Five treatments with different ratios of organic nitrogen to total nitrogen(ROT),25%(A),50%(B),75%(C),100%(D)and 0%(CK)respectively,were applied.Results showed that:combined application of organic and chemical fertilizer increased the green seed yield of vegetable faba bean grown in greenhouse.The yields for treatment B were highest among all the treatments,up to 10337 and 13595 kg·hm^(-2)in 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 respectively.Regression analysis showed that when ROT accounted for 51.1%,the yield could reach the maximum value.ROT significantly affected the dry matter accumulation rate,total accumulation amount and distribution among different organs of faba bean grown in greenhouse.Among all the treatments,the treatment B exhibited faster dry matter accumulation rate at 0 to 170 days after transplanting(DAT),highest final dry matter weight at 200 DAT,reaching 26994 and 27029 kg·hm^(-2) respectively in two years,and higher distribution proportion in seeds.In terms of nitrogen absorption and utilization,ROT had different effects on nitrogen accumulation in stems and leaves at harvest,with significant increase of nitrogen accumulation in seed,and finally resulted in higher nitrogen partial factor productivity and nitrogen harvest index(NHI).Regression analysis showed that N accumulation in vegetative organs(stem+leaf)with green seed yield and NHI showed a parabolic relation with the opening downward.While there was a significant positive linear correlation between N accumulation in green seed and aboveground part with the yield and NHI,respectively.The treatment B could maintain appropriate nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs(stem+leaf),and higher nitrogen accumulation both in reproductive organs(pod shells+seed)and whole plants.
作者
田巧凤
王李妍
赵子胥
尹彦雨
胡天然
景秀
梁潘潘
刘震宇
陈媛
张祥
陈德华
TIAN Qiaofeng;WANG Liyan;ZHAO Zixu;YIN Yanyu;HU Tianran;JING Xiu;LIANG Panpan;LIU Zhenyu;CHEN Yuan;ZHANG Xiang;CHEN Dehua(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)
出处
《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第2期36-44,共9页
Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition
基金
江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(17KJA210003)
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)
江苏高校品牌专业建设工程项目(PPZY2015A060)。
关键词
蚕豆
氮素
有机肥
配施
产量
氮肥偏生产力
氮收获指数
faba bean
nitrogen
organic fertilizer
combined application
yield
nitrogen partial factor productivity
nitrogen harvest index
