摘要
目的 了解学龄期儿童的抑郁、焦虑症状变化趋势,为儿童心理健康建设提供科学依据。方法 采用整群抽样,抽取武汉市硚口区某小学二至五年级学生,分别于2020年6和12月进行问卷调查,包括人口学信息、学生学习情况和抑郁、焦虑症状评价。结果 共有963名学生完成两次调查。随访时小学生的抑郁、焦虑检出率(36.3%,34.3%)与基线调查时(30.7%,22.8%)相比显著升高(OR_(抑郁)=1.45,95%CI=1.16~1.83;OR_(焦虑)=1.79,95%CI=1.41~2.28,P值均<0.01)。父母为抗击新冠疫情一线人员对儿童抑郁、焦虑症状的影响均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。女生、学习效率变低、课堂上与老师互动较少对儿童抑郁或焦虑症状的影响有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论 小学生的心理健康状况需要持续关注,应给予及时的心理保护,预防心理问题的发生和进一步恶化。
Objective To investigate the progression of depressive and anxiety symptoms of children,especially whose parents were frontline workers in the combat of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and to provide evidence for children’s mental health promotion.Methods In June and December 2020,two surveys were conducted among the children in a primary school in Qiaokou District,Wuhan.The questionnaire included demographic information,student learning conditions,and depressive/anxiety symptoms.Results A total of 963 children completed both surveys.The detection rate of depressive and anxiety symptoms at follow-up was significantly higher than that at the baseline survey(depressive symptoms:OR=1.45,95%CI=1.16-1.83;anxiety symptoms:OR=1.79,95%CI=1.41-2.28,P<0.01).There was no statistically significant change in depressive/anxiety symptoms among children whose parents were frontline workers compared with those whose parents were not(P>0.05).Girls,lower learning efficiency,and less interaction with teachers in class were risk factors for depressive or anxiety symptoms of children(P<0.05).Conclusion Mental health status of children requires continuous attention.Moreover,timely psychological protection should be given to prevent the occurrence of psychological problems and the further deterioration of psychological problems.
作者
谢新艳
刘琦
朱凯恒
姜琦
冯雅楠
肖沛
吴小纤
向真
徐林
宋然然
XIE Xinyan;LIU Qi;ZHU Kaiheng;JIANG Qi;FENG Yanan;XIAO Pei;WU Xiaoqian;XIANG Zhen;XU Lin;SONG Ranran(Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE Lab of Environment and Health,School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China;不详)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第5期751-754,759,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
武汉市教育科学规划项目(2020ZX02)。
关键词
抑郁
焦虑
精神卫生
情感症状
儿童
Depression
Anxiety
Mental health
Affective symptoms
Child
