摘要
为了提高聚硅氧烷的阻燃效率,利用松香和氨基聚硅氧烷的酰胺化反应,制备了一种新型的松香改性聚硅氧烷阻燃剂(RGSO),并将其作为“软段”的一部分与聚醚多元醇复配,通过“一步法”制备成阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)材料。当松香引入量为5、10、15和20 g时,分别得到阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫RPUF-1~RPUF-4。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)和热裂解气相色谱质谱(Py-CG/MS)对阻燃剂的结构进行了表征,并对聚氨酯泡沫的微观形貌、热稳定性、阻燃性能和压缩强度进行了分析。研究结果表明:松香氢化菲环结构限制了环状硅氧烷气体的释放,从而提高了富硅炭层的致密性,使其成为一种有效的隔绝热氧的屏蔽层包覆在基材表面,赋予材料优异的阻燃性能。与未改性的硬质聚氨酯泡沫(P-RPUF)相比,松香引入量15 g的阻燃聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF-3)的极限氧指数(LOI)提升了37.1%,最大热释放速率(PHRR)下降了44.8%,火焰蔓延速率(FIGRA)由10.99 kW/(m^(2)·s)降低至4.33 kW/(m^(2)·s),表明RGSO的加入使得聚氨酯泡沫的综合阻燃性能显著提高;同时,松香的氢化菲环刚性结构赋予了阻燃聚氨酯泡沫出色的压缩强度,RPUF-4的压缩强度达366.7 kPa,相比S-RPUF的112.5 kPa有明显的提升。
In order to enhance the flame retardancy of polysiloxane,a novel flame retardant rosin grafted polysiloxane(RGSO)was synthesized by the amidation reaction of rosin and amino-polysiloxane.The synthesized flame retardant was employed as a part of the soft segment to produce flame-retarding rigid polyurethane foam(RPUF)by“one-pot”process.The flame retardant rigid polyurethane foams(RPUF-1-RPUF-4)were obtained with the rosin amounts of 5,10,15 and 20 g.The structure of the flame retardants was characterized by FT-IR and Py-GC/MS.The microstructure,thermal stability,flame retardant property and compressive strength of the RPUFS were analyzed.The results showed that the hydrogenated phenanthrene ring structure of rosin inhibited the gas release of cyclosioxane and promoted the compactness of the silica-rich carbon layer,and invested the materials with excellent flame retardant since it become shielding layer coated on the substrate surface and effectively insulated thermal and oxygen flame retardant.Compared with unmodified RPUF(P-RPUF),the limited oxygen index(LOI)value of the modified sample(RPUF-3)increased by 37.1%,and the peak heat release rate(PHRR)of the modified sample decreased by 44.8%.The fire growth rate(FIGRA)of the modified materials decreased from 10.99 kW/(m^(2)·s)to 4.33 kW/(m^(2)·s),which indicated that the introduction of RGSO could significantly enhance the flame retardant performance of RPUF.Meanwhile,the rigid hydrogenated phenanthrene ring structure of rosin improved the compressive strength of the modified RPUF.The compressive strength of RPUF-4 was 366.7 kPa,which was higher than that of S-RPUF(112.5 kPa).
作者
黄真
王诗博
任春雨
刘鹤
徐徐
宋湛谦
HUANG Zhen;WANG Shibo;REN Chunyu;LIU He;XU Xu;SONG Zhanqian(College of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Nanjing 210042,China)
出处
《林产化学与工业》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期71-79,共9页
Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(32071708)
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0600402)。
关键词
阻燃
有机硅
松香
聚氨酯泡沫
flame retardancy
siloxane
rosin
polyurethane foam
