摘要
微塑料是一类粒径在5 mm以下、形状多样、异质混合塑料的总称,治理微塑料污染刻不容缓。分离和提取环境中微塑料、寻找经济有效的微塑料降解方法是微塑料研究的前提和重要基础。在环境中微塑料的提取方面,浮选法表现出了良好的应用前景,而且有可能发展成为从环境中移除并回收微塑料的独特方法。微塑料的降解方法可分为生物和非生物降解两大类,前者关键是要筛选或人工合成具有高效降解作用的微生物或人工酶,后者包括机械、热、光、化学和催化等降解,其中化学、催化降解已成为将微塑料转化为化工原料的重要思路,相关催化剂的研究备受重视。
Microplastics are a kind of heterogeneous mixed plastics with diverse shapes with particle size less than 5 mm.It is urgent to control the pollution of microplastics.Separating and extracting microplastics from the environment and developing economic and effective degradation methods are the premise and important foundation of microplastics research.Among various methods of extracting microplastics from the environment,the flotation method shows a good application prospect and may develop into a unique method to remove microplastics from the environment for the recycling of microplastics.The degradation methods of microplastics can be divided into two categories:biodegradation and non-biodegradation.The key of the former is to screen or synthesize microorganisms or artificial enzymes with high degradation effect.And the latter includes mechanical degradation,thermal degradation,photodegradation,chemical degradation and catalytic degradation.Chemical degradation and catalytic degradation have become an important idea to convert microplastics into chemical raw materials,and the research of related catalysts has attracted much attention.
作者
黄子珂
王晖
HUANG Zike;WANG Hui(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083)
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期521-524,540,共5页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.21878343)。
关键词
微塑料
提取
降解
microplastics
extraction
degradation
