摘要
在理论分析基础上,采用DEA-Malmquist指数法,测算我国30省份1976~2018年农业全要素生产率变化指数,并以此作为农业技术进步变量,通过建立面板IV和CMP模型检验家庭联产承包责任制改革和“三权分置”改革对农业技术进步的影响。结果表明,改革开放以来,我国农业全要素生产率有较大提升,且家庭联产承包责任制改革显著促进农业技术进步,但目前处于初期阶段的“三权分置”改革对农业技术进步具有显著抑制作用。财政支农、农民人均纯收入、劳均土地播种面积等控制变量对农业技术进步具有显著正向影响;而农村人力资本的影响在改革开放之初显著为负,但长期显著为正。家庭联产承包责任制提高了劳均土地播种面积和农村人力资本对农业技术进步的边际效应,但降低了财政支农和工业化的边际效应。而农地“三权分置”改革后财政支农、工业化、土地播种面积及农村人力资本对农业技术进步的边际效应未产生变化。此外,动态面板数据回归结果表明农业技术进步存在惯性和路径依赖的特点,当前的农业技术进步建立在以往农业技术进步基础之上。
Based on theoretical analysis,the DEA-Malmquist(data envelopment analysis-Malmquist) index method was used to calculate the agricultural total factor productivity change indices of 30 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions) in China from 1976 to 2018,which was used as a variable for agricultural technology progress.Through the establishment of Panel IV(instrumental variable analysis) and CMP(conditional mixing process estimation method) models,the impact of the household contract responsibility system reform and the "Three Rights Separation" reform on the progress of agricultural technology was tested.Results showed that since the Reform and Opening Up,China’s agricultural total factor productivity was greatly improved,and the household contract responsibility system reform promoted significantly the progress of agricultural technology.However,the reform of the "Three Rights Separation" of agricultural land,which was implemented in the early stage,had a significant inhibitory effect on the progress of agricultural technology.Control variables such as fiscal support for agriculture,farmers’ per capita net income,and per capita land sown area had a significant positive impact on agricultural technology progress;while the impact of rural human capital was significantly negative at the beginning of Reform and Opening Up,but was significantly positive in the long run.Moreover,the household contract responsibility system increased the marginal effects of perworker land sown area and rural human capital on agricultural technological progress,but reduced the marginal effects of financial support for agriculture and industrialization.However,the marginal effects of financial support for agriculture,industrialization,land sown area,and rural human capital on agricultural technological progress had not changed after reforming the "Three Rights Separation" of agricultural land.In addition,the regression results of dynamic panel data indicated that agricultural technological progress had the characteristics of inertia and path dependence,and the current agricultural technological progress was based on the previous agricultural technological progress.
作者
公茂刚
辛青华
巩子晗
GONG Maogang;XIN Qinghua;GONG Zihan(School of Economics,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255012,China;School of Business,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)
出处
《农业经济与管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期66-78,共13页
Agricultural Economics and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(20BJY118)。
关键词
家庭联产承包责任制
农地“三权分置”
农业技术进步
农业全要素生产率
household contract responsibility system
"Three Rights Separation"of agricultural land
agricultural technology progress
agricultural total factor productivity
