摘要
以6龄、9龄、12龄的M26矮化自根砧"富士"苹果树为试材,采用人工打根钻的方法在树下、株间、中间点、行间4个位置采集根系样品,研究了树龄对果树细根空间分布特征的影响,以期为果园的灌溉、施肥等管理措施提供参考依据。结果表明:在水平方向上,定植带内为各龄砧木细根的主要集中区域,且随着树龄增大,细根的数量和吸收能力逐渐降低;在垂直方向上,细根的主要集中区域随树龄的增大呈下移趋势。在同一水平位置,细根的根长密度、根表面积密度、干质量密度和比根长均随树龄增加显著降低(P<0.05),但大龄砧木(9龄、12龄)之间总体差异不大,同树龄砧木细根的各指标随距主干径向距离的增大而减小。在垂直方向上,细根根长密度、根表面积密度的特征表明,各龄砧木的根系主要集中在0~60 cm的土层中,该土层中根长密度占总根长密度的比例依次为6龄>9龄>12龄。
The root samples of the 6 years,9 years,and 12 years M26 dwarfed self-rooted rootstock‘Fuji’apple trees were collected by drilling.The root samples were collected under the plants,between the plants,between rows,and at the midpoints between the plants and rows.The effects of tree age on the spatial distribution characteristics of fine roots of fruit trees were studied,in order to provide reference for management measures such as fertilization.The results showed that in the horizontal direction,the planting area was the main concentration area of roots of each age of trees,and as the tree age increased,the number and absorption capacity of roots gradually decreased.In the vertical direction,the main concentration area of the root system showed a downward trend with the increase of tree age.At the same soil layers,the root length density,root surface area density,root dry weight density and specific root length of the fine roots all decreased significantly with the increase of tree age(P<0.05),but the overall difference between elder trees(9 years,12 years)was not significant.For the same age trees,each index had a decreasing trend with the increase of radial distance from the main stem.In the vertical direction,the characteristics of fine root length density and root surface area density indicated that the root system mainly concentrated in the 0-60 cm soil layer,and the ratio of root length density to total root length density in 0-60 cm soil layer was 6 years>9 years>12 years tree age.
作者
陈东凯
骆汉
吕佼容
邹衡
盛玉章
谢永生
CHEN Dongkai;LUO Han;LYU Jiaorong;ZOU Heng;SHENG Yuzhang;XIE Yongsheng(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shanxi 712100;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yangling,Shanxi 712100;Shaanxi Hantang Environmental Protection Agriculture Co.Ltd.,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期8-16,共9页
Northern Horticulture
基金
陕西省科技重大专项资助项目(2020zdzx03-02-01)。
关键词
细根
空间分布
不同树龄
矮化自根砧
苹果
fine root
spatial distribution
different tree ages
dwarfing self-rooted rootstock
apple
