摘要
科学认知城市多中心演化规律和规划实践对理解中国在经济转型期的发展逻辑有重要意义。论文从城市多中心概念与测度、驱动机理、绩效研究,以及中国城市多中心的规划实践等方面梳理了相关进展。研究表明,多中心性的概念涵盖形态、功能和治理3个维度,通常基于中心与次中心的识别从不同维度进行测度;城市多中心是社会经济发展与体制交织、市场力量权衡选择和政府规划干预互馈的空间结果,触发和推动的主导因素既具有趋同性,也存在异质性;多中心发展策略在优化空间组织的同时可能带来一定负外部性,其合理性和有效性应纳入研究范畴;多中心发展是中央和地方各级政府进行空间治理、实现协同发展的关键举措,但规划实施成效有待检验。未来,城市多中心研究应重视理论体系和框架的创新,利用多源数据探究不同维度不同尺度的多中心性,重视城市多中心的动态演化模式与动力机制研究,加强对城市多中心多重绩效的系统分析,以及关注多中心规划实践涉及的多层次治理以及治理变革中的整合与冲突。
The increasing globalization has led to significant transformations in the world’s economic and political landscapes,with most countries and regions undergoing socioeconomic transitions and spatial reconfigurations.In this context,polycentric patterns have become prominent representations of urban landscapes,and scientific cognition of the urban polycentric evolutionary processes and planning practices is instrumental in understanding the development logic of China during its economic transition.This article reviewed existing literature on the measurement,mechanism,performance,and planning practice of polycentric urban development and discussed its policy implications.The definition of polycentricity covers three dimensions—morphological polycentricity and functional polycentricity reflect urban polycentricity based on static and dynamic perspectives,respectively,while governance polycentricity involves cooperation in strategic planning decisions and policy implementation.The measurement of urban polycentricity is first based on the identification of centers and sub-centers to further measure the degree of polycentric development in different dimensions.In terms of driving mechanisms,the formation of polycentric spatial structure results from the tradeoffs between market forces and government planning interventions and is also the spatial manifestation of the intertwining socioeconomic development and institutions,which is triggered and promoted by different leading factors.Notably,political power from the local institutions is a critical driving force shaping polycentric urban development.Research on the performance of polycentricity shows that polycentric development strategies may bring certain negative externalities at the practical level while optimizing spatial organization,and further evaluation of the importance and rationality of polycentricity is worthy of in-depth consideration.In terms of planning practice,polycentric development is a key measure for central and local governments to carry out spatial governance and achieve coordinated development,but the effectiveness of planning implementation is limited.In the future,emphasis should be placed on the innovation of analytical and theoretical frameworks of polycentric research,especially considering the development background of China.Also,as open data gets more widely available,scholars can employ multiple data sources to examine polycentric urban development at different scales and in different dimensions.At the same time,attention should be paid to the mechanism of the formation and evolution of polycentric spatial structure,the multiple performances,and the integration and conflict in multi-level governance.In this way,it assesses whether polycentric development can be used as a tool for strategic spatial planning and whether it can facilitate achieving a balance between space supply and demand while maximizing overall benefits,thus leading to effective spatial governance and regulation practice.
作者
郭嘉颖
魏也华
陈雯
肖伟烨
GUO Jiaying;WEI Yehua Dennis;CHEN Wen;XIAO Weiye(Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,CAS,Nanjing 210008,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,CAS,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Geography,University of Utah,Salt Lake City,UT 84112,USA)
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期316-329,共14页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71950004,41871119)。
关键词
城市多中心
空间重构
绩效研究
规划实践
urban polycentricity
spatial restructuring
performance research
planning practice
