摘要
铝电解槽大修拆解下的废阴极炭块是含有大量氟化物、氰化物的危险废物。本文综述了电解铝阴极的破损机制、废阴极炭块的化学组分以及国内外的处理工艺概况,分别论述了电解铝废阴极炭块在无害化处理、资源化利用过程中研究过的处理工艺及工艺特点,并对现有处理工艺存在的技术问题进行了总结和展望。在碳中和的大背景下,不论是湿法还是火法处理,都需要更多地考虑安全、环保、能源等方面的政策因素,同时这也对废阴极处理技术提出了新的要求。
The waste cathode carbon block after the overhaul of the aluminum reduction cell is a hazardous waste containing a large amount of fluoride and cyanide.This article reviews the damage mechanism of the electrolytic aluminum cathode,the chemical composition of the waste cathode carbon block and the general situation of the treatment process at home and abroad,and discusses the treatments studied in the process of harmless treatment and resource utilization of the electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block.Process and process characteristics,and the technical problems existing in the existing treatment process are summarized and prospected.In the context of carbon neutrality,whether it is wet or fire treatment,more consideration must be given to policy factors such as safety,environmental protection,and energy.At the same time,this also puts forward new requirements for waste cathode treatment technology.
作者
张逸飞
张宏忠
刘芳莹
杨浩
郭方方
ZHANG Yifei;ZHANG Hongzhong;LIU Fangying;YANG Hao;GUO Fangfang(Henan Academy of Sciences,Zhengzhou 450053,China;School of Material and Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry;Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration;Henan Institue of Metallurgy Co.,Ltd)
出处
《江西化工》
2022年第1期44-46,共3页
Jiangxi Chemical Industry
基金
河南省科技攻关项目(122102210222)
河南省科学院科研开发专项基本科研业务费项目(210610003)
关键词
电解铝
废阴极炭块
破损机制
处理技术
Electrolytic aluminum
Waste cathode carbon block
Damage mechanism
Treatment technology
