摘要
环保行政机关常因无自力强制执行权,在面对行为人不履行行政决定且持续存在环境违法行为时陷入困境,环境保护非诉行政执行禁止令可在该机关申请法院强制执行前,为生态环境提供暂时性之保护。其意义不仅在于解决环保行政机关执法行为存在的"空窗期",更在于通过环境行政执法和司法的相互衔接配合,丰富生态环境损害预防性救济的手段。在性质上,该禁止令不属于行政强制执行方式,也不是行为保全在生态环境保护领域的又一拓展,而是以实现环境公共利益为目的行政行为的司法保障措施,属于程序法上一种新的、独立的非诉行政执行程序的准备程序。对禁止令的适用情形应当以环保行政机关所作行政决定是否具有期限限制为依据,进行分层化处理。在适用程序设置上,通过交错运用诉讼与非讼程序法理,遵循"环保行政机关申请—法院审查判断"的单边结构,进一步优化禁止令的申请、审查、执行及终止程序,规范其司法适用。
Environmental protection administrative agencies are often put into a tight spot when the wrong doers do not implement administrative decisions and violate environmental laws due to the lack of self-enforcement power.The environmental protection non-litigation administrative execution injunction can provide temporary protection for the ecological environment before the agency applies for court enforcement.Its significance is not only to solve the“gap period”problem in the law enforcement of environmental protection administrative organs,but also to enrich the means of preventive relief of ecological environmental damage through the coordination of environmental administrative law enforcement and judicial cooperation.In nature,the injunction is neither the way of administrative enforcement,nor the extension of behavioral preservation in the field of ecological environmental protection,but a judicial safeguard measure of administrative behavior for the purpose of realizing environmental public interests,and a new and independent preparation procedure of non-litigation administrative enforcement procedure in procedural law.The application of prohibition order should be stratified according to whether the administrative decision made by environmental protection administrative organ has time limit.In the application procedure setting,the application,review,execution and termination procedures of the injunction are further optimized and the judicial application of the injunction is standardized through the staggered application and non-litigation procedure and the unilateral structure of“application by environmental protection administrative organ——review and judgment by the court”.
作者
王树义
张雪峰
WANG Shu-yi;ZHANG Xue-feng
出处
《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期20-32,共13页
Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
环境保护
非诉行政执行
禁止令
司法适用
environmental protection
non-litigation administrative execution
injunction
judicial application
