摘要
作为提高森林经营管理水平、促进森林可持续经营的一种制度创新,森林认证对森林生态保护和建设以及世界林产品贸易均具有影响。森林管理委员会(Forest Stewardship Council,FSC)认证是目前全球最具影响力的森林认证体系,不符合项是针对FSC认证标准层面开具的企业在开展森林经营过程中违反认证标准所包含的原则总和,通过对不符合项进行分析,可以总结出我国已通过认证的森林经营企业经营状况与FSC标准的差距。文中从FSC网站收集中国开展FSC森林经营认证的80家企业的191份审核报告,对FSC认证的发展现状和认证机构开展审核时提出的不符合项进行分析。结果发现,企业在环境影响、森林监测、当地社区、劳动者权利、森林经营方案编制方面与FSC认证标准存在差距。应从加强企业森林认证动力、企业森林认证能力和技术建设以及国家政策支持等方面进一步提升,进而提高森林认证对我国森林经营管理的作用。
As an institutional innovation to improve the level of forest management and promote sustainable forest management,forest certification has an impact on forest ecological protection and construction and world forest product trade as well.Forest Stewardship Council(FSC)certification is the most influential forest certification mechanism in the world at present.The“non-compliance”is the sum of the principles contained in the certification standards issued by the FSC certification standards in the process of forest management,and the“non-compliance”of these enterprises are analyzed,it could be summarized that the gap between the management status of certified forest management enterprises in China and the FSC standard.This paper collects the data of 80 enterprises carrying out FSC forest management certification in China and 191 audit reports from FSC website,and analyzes the development status of FSC certification and the“non-compliance”put forward by certification institutions.The results show that there are major gaps between enterprises and FSC certification standards in environmental impact,forest monitoring,local communities,workers rights and forest management plan preparation.Therefore,the incentive of enterprises to apply for forest certification,the capacity building and technology construction of enterprises for forest certification and national policy support and other relevant efforts should be reinforced,so as to improve the role of forest certification in China s forest management.
作者
余传玲
张超群
徐斌
Yu Chuanling;Zhang Chaoqun;Xu Bin(Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)
出处
《林草政策研究》
2021年第3期46-54,共9页
Journal of forestry and grassland policy
关键词
森林经营认证
不符合项分析
影响
forest management certification
non-compliance analysis
influence
