摘要
解决砒砂岩区坡面的产流产沙问题对黄河流域生态安全具有重要意义,选取砒砂岩裸露坡面为研究对象,在自然降雨条件下采用野外径流小区实测结合三维激光扫描技术,分析13次有效降雨过程砒砂岩坡面微地貌的变化过程及产流产沙特征。结果表明,径流小区内坡面土壤平均侵蚀深度为26 mm,侵蚀区占径流小区总面积的95.27%,单位面积上侵蚀导致土壤流失体积为0.019 m^(3)/m^(2)。砒砂岩坡面产流产沙量与降雨强度呈较好的对应关系,降雨强度和降雨量是影响坡面产流产沙的主要因素。受降雨强度变化的影响,地表粗糙度、地表起伏度、地表切割度均随降雨呈现累积增加的趋势,地表曲率受单次降雨强度影响明显,呈现不规律的波动变化;坡面产流量和产沙量之间存在较好的正相关性(r=0.539,P<0.05)。
It is of great significance to solve the problem of runoff and sediment yield in Pisha Sandstone Area for the ecological security of the Yellow River Basin.The bare slope of Pisha Sandstone was taken as the research object,the field runoff plot measurement and three-dimensional laser scanning technology were used to analyze the micro-geomorphic change process and runoff and sediment yield characteristics under the 13 effective rainfall processes.The results showed that the average soil erosion depth was 26 mm,and the erosion area accounted for 95.27%of the total runoff area.The volume of soil loss caused by erosion was 0.019 m^(3)/m^(2).Runoff and sediment yield of Pisha Sandstone slope had a good corresponding relationship with rainfall intensity.Rainfall intensity and rainfall were the main factors affecting runoff and sediment yield.Influenced by the change of rainfall intensity,surface roughness,surface undulation and surface cutting degree all showed cumulative increasing trends with rainfall.The surface curvature was obviously affected by the intensity of single rainfall,but showing irregular fluctuations;there was a good positive correlation between runoff and sediment yield(r=0.539,P<0.05).
作者
李龙
秦富仓
钱秋颖
董晓宇
张若曦
张鹏
LI Long;QIN Fucang;QIAN Qiuying;DONG Xiaoyu;ZHANG Ruoxi;ZHANG Peng(Desert Science and Engineer College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot 100018,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Desert Ecosystem Conservation and Restoration,Huhhot 100018,China)
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期198-205,共8页
Soils
基金
内蒙古科技计划项目(2021GG0052)
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021ZY0023)
内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(2021ZD07)资助。
关键词
坡面侵蚀
微地貌
三维激光扫描
砒砂岩
Slope erosion
Micro topography
3D laser scanning
Pisha Sandstone
