摘要
近年来,固体废弃物铁泥(赤泥、水处理含铁残渣和富铁污泥)已被广泛用于水环境中污染物的去除,但从水环境介质中分离粉末状铁泥的困难导致其作为水处理材料无法大规模应用,而将铁泥制备成易于分离回收的磁性材料是解决此瓶颈的有效策略之一.根据国内外现有铁泥基磁性材料的研究,总结了铁泥基磁性材料的制备方法,包括热分解法、水热与溶剂热法、共沉淀法、还原焙烧法和碳化法等一系列方法,并指出目前常用的制备方法为热分解法、水热与溶剂热法和共沉淀法.另外,还归纳了这些磁性材料作为吸附剂和催化剂在水处理中的性能和应用.总体来看,铁泥基磁性材料可以较好地吸附水中的重金属和有机污染物,主要的吸附机制为络合作用、静电作用、还原、阳离子交换和沉淀.作为催化剂可以通过产生强氧化性物质SO^(-)_(4)·和·OH,来高效氧化降解有机污染物.虽然目前已经有很多关于铁泥基磁性材料制备和应用的研究,但由于原材料铁泥含有较多杂质,所以由铁泥制备的磁性材料本身也有一定的杂质.因此,未来仍需加强对铁泥基磁性材料安全性的研究,以此来进一步确保其可作为环境友好型材料用于水环境修复.
In recent years, solid waste iron sludge(red mud, iron-containing water treatment residues, and iron-rich sludge) has been widely used to remove pollutants in the water environment;however, the difficulty of separating powdered iron sludge from the water environment media makes it impossible to apply it as a water treatment material on a large scale, and preparing iron sludge into magnetic materials that are easy to be separated is one of the effective strategies to solve this bottleneck. According to the existing research on iron sludge-based magnetic materials at home and abroad, the preparation methods of magnetic materials using iron sludge as raw materials are summarized, including a series of methods, including the thermal decomposition method, hydrothermal and solvothermal method, co-precipitation method, reduction roasting method, and carbonization method. Additionally, it is pointed out that the currently commonly used preparation methods are thermal decomposition, hydrothermal and solvothermal, and co-precipitation. In addition, the performance and application of these magnetic materials as adsorbents or catalysts in water treatment are also summarized. In general, iron sludge-based magnetic materials can better absorb heavy metals and organic pollutants in water. The main adsorption mechanisms are complexation, electrostatic interaction, reduction, cation exchange, and precipitation. As a catalyst, it can efficiently oxidize and degrade organic pollutants by generating strong oxidizing substances: SO^(-)_(4)·and ·OH. Although there have been many studies on the preparation and application of iron sludge-based magnetic materials, because the raw material iron sludge contains many impurities, the magnetic materials prepared from iron sludge also have certain impurities. Therefore, it is still necessary to strengthen the research on the safety of iron sludge-based magnetic materials in the future to further ensure that they can be used as environmentally friendly materials for water environment restoration.
作者
曾辉平
翟龙雪
李冬
张杰
ZENG Hui-ping;ZHAI Long-xue;LI Dong;ZHANG Jie(Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering,College of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,School of Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期26-36,共11页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51308009,51678006)
北京市教委科技攻关计划项目(KM201510005021)
北京高校卓越青年科学家计划项目(BJJWZYJH01201910005019)。
关键词
铁泥
磁性材料
吸附
催化
污染物
iron sludge
magnetic materials
adsorption
catalysis
pollutants
