摘要
数字经济的快速发展极大提升地了人流、物流和信息流的空间流动性,但城市交通拥堵阻碍了城市中各种要素的流动,进而影响城市经济发展,而造成交通拥堵的根本原因在于城市功能结构与居民出行需求的错配。通过数字化技术和方法可以监测城市中不同时段的人流分布,并结合空间、经济和社会等信息分析不同类型人群的出行规律及其内在机制,从根本上解决城市交通拥堵问题。文章在梳理城市交通拥堵地区人群数字画像理论的基础上,以大连梭鱼湾交通拥堵地区为例,基于用地数据、POI业态数据和LBS定位数据等多源大数据对地区人群进行精准刻画,共识别出144类人群和8类典型人群,并从出发锚点、出行廊道和活动锚点方面对其中4类典型人群的时空特征进行深入解析,剖析其交通拥堵产生的内在机理,从而根据不同类型人群的出行特征与需求提出构建“快道”“慢区”的多元出行体系,建立高效的复合交通体系,并根据功能疏解优化梭鱼湾单一中心结构的空间规划方法,以期实现城市的精细化管理,疏解城市交通拥堵地区的人流。
The digital economy booming has greatly enhanced the flow of population,cargo,and information.However,traffic jams will obstruct the flows and impede economic development.The fundamental reason of traffic jam is the mismatch between urban functional structure and people’s outgoing demand.Digital technology may monitor the traffic flow at different periods of a day,concludes the regular travelling routines of different people,analyzes the underlying rules based on space and socioeconomic information,and thus finds essential solutions to traffic jam.With Suoyu Bay area as an example,the article makes a digital portrait of different people in traffic jammed areas based on data of land use,POI,LBS,recognizes 144 population groups and 8 typical groups,analyzes the starting points,travel paths,and activity points of 4 typical groups,studies the inner rules of traffic jams,and proposes a“fast path and slow zone”commuting system based on the travelling needs and characters of different groups of people.It further proposes a spatial planning method for the monocentric functional improvement of Suoyu Bay area to realize refined urban management.
作者
杨俊宴
何国枫
陈代俊
史宜
Yang Junyan;He Guofeng;Chen Daijun;Shi Yi
出处
《规划师》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第19期26-34,共9页
Planners
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51838002)。
关键词
人群数字画像
交通拥堵
多源大数据
空间规划
大连梭鱼湾
Digital portrait
Traffic jam
Multi-source big data
Spatial planning
Suoyu Bay
Dalianplanning
