摘要
为了研究隔行去雄携带顶叶对被去雄及未去雄玉米光合特性、干物质积累及产量的影响,通过大田试验,设置不去雄(CK)、去雄携带0片顶叶(S0)、去雄携带1片顶叶(S1)、去雄携带2片顶叶(S2)共4个处理,其中不去雄(CK)处理为对照。结果表明,去雄携带顶叶提高了单位面积玉米产量,增加了被去雄玉米的单穗籽粒产量和千粒质量,降低了秃尖长,但对未去雄玉米穗部性状的影响无显著差异;去雄携带顶叶有效增加了冠层内透光率,使玉米冠层内光能分布更加合理;与对照相比,去雄携带1片顶叶(S1)显著提高了被去雄玉米灌浆期、成熟期的SPAD值、P_(n)、LAI、冠层光合能力及地上部干物质积累量,未去雄玉米SPAD值、P_(n)、LAI、冠层光合能力及地上部干物质积累量随去雄携带顶叶数的增加而提高,但与对照无显著差异;去雄携带顶叶对玉米干物质分配、穗位高及未去雄玉米株高无显著影响,但显著降低了被去雄玉米株高。因此,去雄携带顶叶能通过优化冠层光能分布,增加中下部叶片的受光面积,提高光合能力,促进光合产物向籽粒转运,获得更高的玉米产量。
To study the effect of interlacing detasseling with top leaf on photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation,and yield of detasseled and no detasseled maize,four treatments were setup,including no detasseling(CK),detasseling without top leaf(S0),detasseling with one top leaf(S1)and detasseling with two top leaves(S2),of which the no detasseling(CK)treatment was takenas the control.The results showed that detasseling with top leaf raised the per unit yield of maize,among detasseled maize,grain yield per panicle and 1000-grain mass were increased,and bald tiplength was reduced,but there was no significant difference in ear characters of no detasseled maize.Detasseling with top leaf effectively improved the light transmittance of maize and made the distribu-tion of light energy in the canopy more reasonable.Compared with the control,detasseling with onetop leaf(S1)significantly enhanced SPAD value,P_(n),LAI,canopy photosynthesis capacity,andabove-ground dry matter accumulation of detasseled maize at blister and maturity stages,SPAD val-ue,P_(n),LAI,canopy photosynthetic capacity and above-ground dry matter accumulation were in-creased with removing tassel with top lea ves number,but not significantly different from the control.Detasseling with top leaf had no significant effect on dry matter distribution,ear height,and plantheight of no detasseled maize,but significantly reduced plant height of detasseled maize.Therefore,detasseling with top leaf can increase the light-receiving area of the middle and lower part of leaves byoptimizing the distribution of light energy in the canopy,improve photosynthetic capacity,promotethe transport of photosynthate to grain,and obtain higher maize yield.
作者
杨德光
陈庚
吴宝欣
金新月
宋翔雨
郝天乐
李威
YANG Deguang;CHEN Geng;WU Baoxin;JIN Xinyue;SONG Xiangyu;HAO Tianle;LI Wei(College of Agronomy,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期25-33,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300103)。
关键词
玉米
去雄
顶叶
光合特性
干物质累积
产量
Maize
Detasseling
Top leaf
Photosynthetic characteristics
Dry matter accumulation
Yield
