摘要
针对盐碱地土壤有效磷含量低且保肥能力差等问题,采用磷酸浸渍-水热法制备了菜花叶生物炭(CLH)和香蕉皮生物炭(BPH),分析了不同水热温度(120、160、200、240℃)对合成生物炭特性和其中磷组分含量的影响;同时,采用碱熔-水热法将煤矸石合成沸石(ZL),然后通过土壤培养试验及磷释放动力学试验,将生物炭单施及与合成沸石配施,研究其对土壤有效磷释放的影响与缓释机理.结果表明:水热温度为200℃时,合成的菜花叶生物炭(CLH200)与香蕉皮生物炭(BPH200)表面含磷与含氧官能团量较高,且铁/铝结合磷含量最高,分别占CLH200与BPH200中总磷的36.58%、31.15%.土壤培养120 d,与单施化肥和单施CLH200相比,CLH200与ZL配施(CLH200+ZL)处理下土壤有效磷含量分别提高了45.72%和19.64%,BPH200与ZL配施(BPH200+ZL)处理下分别提高了32.25%和12.13%.此外,BPH200+ZL与CLH200+ZL处理均能显著提高土壤有机质含量、阳离子交换量及脱氢酶活性.用准一级动力学模型、准二级动力学模型和颗粒内扩散模型对数据进行拟合发现,准二级动力学模型拟合曲线与CLH200和BPH200处理下试验测定值的相关性良好,而颗粒内扩散模型拟合曲线与CLH200+ZL和BPH200+ZL处理下试验测定值的相关性良好,两种改良剂配施后有效磷的释放主要通过离子交换进行,且扩散过程是磷释放的限制步骤.研究显示,磷改性生物炭与煤矸石基沸石配施不但可以改善土壤特性,而且有助于土壤有效磷缓释,满足植物生长对有效磷养分的长期需求.
In order to solve the problem of low content of available phosphorus(P)and poor fertilizer retention ability of saline-alkali soil,we prepared cauliflower leaves hydrochar(CLH)and banana peel hydrochar(BPH)by phosphoric acid impregnation-hydrothermal method and analyzed the effect of hydrothermal temperature(120,160,200,240℃)on the hydrochar properties and P content.Artificial zeolite(ZL)was synthesized from coal gangue by alkaline fusion-hydrothermal method.Hydrochar and ZL were used in the pot experiment and kinetic experiment of P release.The effect of the combined application of hydrochar and ZL on the release of soil available P and the mechanism of the slow release of soil available P were studied.The results showed that,at the hydrothermal temperature of 200℃,there were P-containing and O-containing functional groups on the surface of both CLH200 and BPH200.The content of the Fe/Al bound P was the highest,accounting for 36.58%and 31.15%of the total P in CLH200 and BPH200,respectively.After 120 days of incubation,the content of soil available P increased by 45.72%and 19.64%,respectively after the co-application of CLH200 and ZL(CLH200+ZL),compared with the application of chemical fertilizer and CLH200 alone.After co-application of BPH200 and ZL(BPH200+ZL),the P content increased by 32.25%and 12.13%,respectively,compared with the corresponding treatments.Besides,CLH200+ZL and BPH200+ZL treatments could significantly enhance soil organic matter,cation exchange capacity and dehydrogenase activity.The pseudo-first-order,pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models were used to fit the kinetic experimental data.The fitting results showed that the fitting curves of the pseudo-second-order model were well correlated with the experimental data for CLH200 and BPH200 treatments,and the fitting curve of the intra-particle diffusion model descripted the experimental data for CLH200+ZL and BPR200+ZL treatments well.These results indicated that the release of the available P was predominated by ion exchange.The diffusion process was the step for limiting P release after the synergistic application of hydrochar and ZL.This study demonstrates that the combined application of P-modified hydrochar and coal gangue-based zeolite not only effectively improves soil properties,but also contributes to the slow release of soil available P,which may satisfy the long-term requirement of soil available P for plant growth.
作者
葛启隆
田琦
丰开庆
汪素芳
侯瑞
GE Qilong;TIAN Qi;FENG Kaiqing;WANG Sufang;HOU Rui(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Department of Architecture and Environmental Engineering,Taiyuan College,Taiyuan 030032,China;College of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期219-229,共11页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.21707099)
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(No.2020L0721)。
关键词
沸石
磷改性
生物炭
有效磷
释放
改良剂
土壤改良
zeolite
phosphorus modification
hydrochar
available phosphorus
release
ameliorant
soil improvement
