摘要
秩序居于法律价值的首位,法律应维护秩序的一致性、稳定性。环境法典的编纂是对现有环境法律规范的重述,应该实现对现有生态环境法律秩序的优化。从法律秩序稳定性视角分析,环境法典总则一般规定具有承接宪法、衔接现行环境法,确定法典所维护的生态环境法律价值,为环境法典各分编的编纂提供设定依据和基本框架的功能。为此,环境法典一般规定应对宪法秩序与生态文明建设中形成的新生态环境法律秩序予以确认和维护,并以一般规定所应具备的统贯性、价值指引性与独立性为特征继受与发展现行《环境保护法》和环境单行法的总则框架进行规范构建。具体而言,环境法典一般规定应以立法目的确定我国生态文明建设目标,以及社会、经济、生态三位一体可持续发展的价值追求,并以基本原则对这一价值追求予以展开;以适用范围中“生态环境”定义的重建实现对生态价值与生态整体性秩序的维护;以国家环境保护义务为主线、多元主体法律关系为框架构建基本环境义务条款、公民环境权利条款,并以国家的环保财政支持、环境宣传教育、全球环境治理三个条款初步具体化国家的环境保护义务。
The order shall be seen as the priority among the legal values.Law should maintain the consistency and stability of order.The environmental code will be a restatement of the existing environmental legal norms and be able to optimize the existing environmental legal order.From the perspective of the stability of legal order,the general provisions of the environmental code have the function of connecting with the Constitution and the current environmental law,determining the legal value of the environment maintained by the code,and providing the foundation and basic framework for each part of the environmental code.Therefore,the environmental code generally regulations should confirm and maintain the new environmental legal order formed in the Constitution and the construction of ecological civilization.The general provisions should have the characteristics of consistency,value guidance and independence,inherit and develop the general framework of the current Environmental Protection Law and other environmental laws.Specifically,in the general regulations of environmental code,the legislative purpose should determine the goal of ecological civilization construction and the value of social,economic and ecological sustainable development;The basic principle should further refine and clarify the above value;The scope of application clause should reconstruct the definition of“environment”in order to maintain the ecological value and ecological integrity order;The basic rights and obligations clauses should take the national environmental protection obligations as the main line and the legal relationship of multiple subjects as the framework,and preliminarily concretize the national environmental protection obligations with three clauses:national environmental protection financial support,environmental publicity and education and global environmental governance.
出处
《苏州大学学报（法学版）》
CSSCI
2021年第4期15-26,共12页
Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition
关键词
环境法典
一般规定
法律秩序
可持续发展
Environmental Code
General Regulations
Law Order
Sustainable Development
