摘要
本文利用分子动理论从理论上推导了理想气体的双向泻流过程。即在一个绝热容器中加入一绝热隔板,在隔板两边分别设置初始条件不同的理想气体。在两子系统达到平衡时开放隔板上一小孔,使两子系统进行双向泻流。除了理论推导,本文也引入分子动力学模拟计算了温度随时间变化曲线。这种双向泄流可能会产生一些违反常识的有趣的现象,我们发现在满足特定条件下,初始温度高的气体会先升温再降温,而初始温度低的气体会先降温再升温,直至温度相等为止。
In this paper,the process of bidirectional effusion applied to ideal gas is theoretically derived by molecular dynamics theory.That is,an adiabatic board is added inside an adiabatic vessel,and ideal gases with different conditions are initialized on the two sides of the board.Then a tiny hole on the adiabatic board is opened when the two subsystems reached equilibrium,resulting a bidirectional effusion.In addition to theoretical derivation,the curve of temperature versus time is also simulated by molecular dynamics.This kind of effusion may cause a series of interesting phenomena which violates common sense.We find that under certain conditions,the gas with the higher initial temperature will heat up first and then cool down,while the gas with the lower initial temperature will cool down first and then warm up until the two gases reach the same temperature.
作者
李之夏
姚宇辰
章盛
侯吉旋
LI Zhixia;YAO Yuchen;ZHANG Sheng;HOU Jixuan(School of Physics,Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211189)
出处
《物理与工程》
2021年第4期18-20,26,共4页
Physics and Engineering
基金
东南大学教学改革研究与实践项目(2019-074)
教育部高等学校物理学类专业教学指导委员会项目
东南大学理科试验班本科教学综合改革项目资助。
关键词
泻流
麦克斯韦速率分布
分子动理论
effusion
Maxwell rate distribution
molecular kinetic theory
