摘要
为探究非稳态条件下不同组织轴承钢的摩擦磨损性能,采用光学和扫描电子显微镜(OM和SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、硬度计对两种GCr15钢的显微组织、残余奥氏体(A′)、硬度进行分析,采用UMT-2摩擦磨损试验机进行乏油、干摩擦两种非稳态滑动摩擦磨损试验,通过SEM、三维形貌仪对磨痕形貌进行分析,研究非稳态条件下组织对性能的影响。结果表明:国内的1#GCr15钢组织不均匀,淬-回火后金相组织呈现典型的“黑白区”形貌,且带状和网状碳化物的等级明显高于国外的2#GCr15钢。两种条件下,1#GCr15钢摩擦系数和磨损量均大于2#GCr15钢;乏油条件下两种钢的磨损机制均为磨粒磨损;干摩擦条件下,1#GCr15钢以氧化、黏着、剥落磨损为主;2#GCr15钢以黏着磨损为主,伴随少量氧化磨损。碳化物不均匀导致轴承钢组织不均匀,同时增加淬火开裂倾向,使其表层薄弱区域在摩擦磨损过程中产生裂纹,造成剥落或早期失效。
To investigate the friction and wear properties of bearing steels with different microstructure under unsteady states.The microstructure,retained austenite(A′)and hardness of two kinds of GCr15 steels were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscope(OM and SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and hardness tester.The sliding friction and wear test under the unstable states of lean oil and dry friction was carried out by using the UMT-2 friction and wear equipment.The influence of microstructure on performance under unsteady states were studied by analyzed the wear trace morphologies by SEM and three-dimensional tester.The results show that the microstructure of domestic 1#GCr15 steel is nonuniform,and the microstructure shows typical“black and white zone”morphology after quenching and tempering,and the grade of banded and reticulated carbide is obviously higher than that of foreign 2#GCr15 steel.Under the two conditions,the friction coefficient and wear lose of 1#GCr15 steel are larger than 2#GCr15 steel.Under the condition of lean oil,the wear mechanism of both steels is abrasive wear.Under dry friction condition,1#GCr15 steel is mainly characterized by oxidation,adhesion and spalling wear.2#GCr15 steel is mainly adhesive wear,accompanied by a small amount of oxidation wear.Uneven carbide results in uneven structure of bearing steel,and increases the tendency of quenching crac-king,which leads to cracks in the surface area of bearing steel during the friction and wear process,resulting in spallation or early failure.
作者
邵若男
贺甜甜
刘建
杜三明
张永振
SHAO Ruonan;HE Tiantian;LIU Jian;DU Sanming;ZHANG Yongzhen(National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第20期20062-20067,20075,共7页
Materials Reports
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2000302)
国家自然科学基金(51905153)。
关键词
轴承钢
组织
非稳态润滑
摩擦磨损
bearing steel
structure
unsteady lubrication
friction and wear
