摘要
针对尿液盐度高、成分复杂,存储过程中性质易变等问题,以有机与无机物质的变化特征为考察对象,研究浓H_(2)SO_(4)、陶瓷膜和活性炭等预处理对尿液存储过程中性质变化的影响,并分析其转化机理.结果表明,尿液性质变化的主要反应是尿素分解及其引发的无机共沉淀现象,且随着氨氮浓度由1365升高至2755mg/L,沉淀逐渐由磷酸盐向鸟粪石转变.浓H_(2)SO_(4)预处理通过抑制尿素分解实现尿液性质稳定,而陶瓷膜处理和活性炭吸附促进尿素分解,且活性炭可有效吸附氮元素.同时,荧光光谱的研究发现尿液存储过程中DOM(溶解性有机物)组分也发生了显著变化:浓H_(2)SO_(4)预处理组中E_(280)/E_(472)、A_(275~295)、E_(254/E365)、E_(300/E400)的升高表明DOM中疏水性及小分子有机物浓度增加,而UV_(254)、A_(350~400)的降低也印证了芳香性有机物含量的降低.陶瓷膜与活性炭可去除有机物,但陶瓷膜对尿素的去除效率高于其他有机组分,而活性炭对芳香性有机物的去除比例最高.本文系统阐明了尿液存储中性质变化过程与机制,并论证了不同预处理的影响,为尿液源分离处理提供有效的参考.
Urine is characterized by high salinity,complex components,and significant transformationduring long-termstorage process.Therefore,the mechanism of transformation in term ofinorganic substances and organic matters were investigated,and the effect of 3 different pretreatment processes,i.e.,acidification by H_(2)SO_(4),UF by ceramic membrane,and absorption by activated carbon(AC),were studied.It was found that the key process of transformation was urea hydrolysis and the inorganic coprecipitation phenomenon,while the transformation of phosphate precipitation to struvite was found with the increase of ammonia nitrogen concentration from 1365 to 2755mg/L during urine storage.The acidification showed significant urine stabilizationability by inhibiting urea hydrolysis;while ceramic membrane and AC promoted the urea hydrolysis,and AC could effectively adsorb nitrogen.The DOM composition also varied significantly duringthe urine storage process byfluorescence spectrum:the increase of E_(280/E472),A_(275~295),E_(254/E365) and E_(300/E400) in concentrated H_(2)SO_(4) pretreatment group showed that the concentration of hydrophobic and small molecular organics of DOM were increased,whilethe decrease of UV_(254) and A_(350~400) also confirmed the decrease of aromatic organics.The UF and absorption process showed significant removal efficiency for DOM,however,ceramic membrane showed higher removal efficiency on urea,while the removal rate of aromatic organic compounds was higher by AC.This work systematically elucidatesthe process and mechanismof properties variation during the urine storage process,and demonstrates the influence of pretreatment technologies,which could guide the technical scheme selection for the source-separated urine treatment.
作者
康赛
李清雪
张良长
艾为党
桂双林
郑利兵
李晨璐
魏源送
KANG Sai;LI Qing-xue;ZHANG Liang-chang;AI Wei-dang;GUI Shuang-lin;ZHENG Li-bing;LI Chen-lu;WEI Yuan-song(Department of Water Pollution Control Technology,State Key Joint of Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;College of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of engineering,Handan 056000,China;National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China;Energy Research Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330000,China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期4597-4605,共9页
China Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51908539)
人因工程国家重点实验室2019预研基金资助项目(6142222190715)。
关键词
尿液
预处理
氮
磷
DOM
尿素
urine
pretreatment
nitrogen
phosphorus
DOM
urea
