摘要
【目的】确定宝山农场合理的农业引江灌溉模式,为区域水资源优化配置提供科学依据。【方法】针对松花江流域引江灌溉产生的地表水和地下水的综合开发利用问题,利用三江平原水文地质资料和宝山农场地下水水位长系列实测资料对MODFLOW-2000模型进行了参数识别、验证及模型敏感性分析,并模拟分析了4种情景对宝山农场地下水水位的影响。【结果】构建的地下水模拟模型能够反映灌区井群地下水位的实际变化过程。敏感性分析表明,长序列地下水变化过程及地下水位分布情况受初始地下水位影响很小;说明当研究区域内利用地下水灌溉及部分地区(沿江10 km)采用引江水灌溉模式时,地下水资源基本上可以维持供采平衡,在保证地下水合理开采的前提下不会发生内涝;而研究区域内均采用引江灌溉模式则会使地下水位-抬高导致内涝,内涝情况随着与河道距离的增加而愈发严重。【结论】引江水灌溉时,需加强对地下水位的观测,当地下水位过高时,应减少引江灌溉用水,适当增加地下水抽取量进行灌溉,以保障研究区地下水和地表水的高效利用。
【Background】The project of transforming drylands to paddy fields in Sanjiang Plain in the northeast China has increased its rice cultivation areas from 266700 hm2 prior to the project to 1733300 hm2 after implementing the project.As a result,its demand for water also increased.Baoshan Farm is in the upper reach of Sanjiang plain on a piedmont,and its agricultural production had relied on groundwater since its establishment.Since 1992,it has gradually converted drylands to paddy field,and such a land conversion has resulted in a conflict between increased demand for water and limited water availability.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to analyze how to optimize the use of surface water and groundwater to resolve the conflict between limited water supply and the increased demand for water due to the land use change,so as to avoid waterlogging while in the meantime alleviating continued groundwater table dropping.【Method】The calculation was based on groundwater flow with the groundwater dynamics under different managements simulated using the software Modflow-2000.The aquifer parameters,model validation and sensitivity analysis of the parameters were carried out using long-term hydrogeological data measured from the area.We then compared groundwater dynamics under irrigations using different combinations of surface water and groundwater.【Result】The calibrated groundwater dynamics model correctly reproduced the measured changes in groundwater level in the studied area;sensitivity analysis revealed that the initial groundwater level did not have a noticeable influence on long-term groundwater variation.Using the river water to irrigate areas 10 km in the proximity of the river while irrigating other areas using the groundwater can keep groundwater resource balance while in the meantime alleviating waterlogging.In contrast,irrigating too many areas using transferred river water could raise the groundwater table and result in waterlogging in a wide range of areas.【Conclusion】Rational use of groundwater and surface water in irrigation can maintain groundwater balance and avoid waterlogging in the farmlands of Baoshai;a monitoring system should be in place to timely measure the change in groundwater table.
作者
贾艳辉
阎伟
高巍
马春芽
李金山
JIA Yanhui;YAN Wei;GAO Wei;MA Chunya;LI Jinshan(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453002,China;Investigation Design and Research Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower of Hebei Province,Tianjin 300250,China;The Second Design and Research Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期111-117,共7页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所基本科研业务费项目(FIRI20210203)
中国农业科学院创新工程黄淮海冬小麦-夏玉米集约高效用水技术创新与应用。
关键词
宝山
地下水模型
地表水
地下水
灌溉
Baoshai
groundwater model
surface water
groundwater
irrigation
