摘要
创新理论和创新精神一直是经济学界关注的热点。不过,由于微观基础数据缺乏,微观个体的创新同质性假设在很大程度上限制了创新理论的研究进展。鉴于此,可基于创新异质理论和闲暇时间经济效应理论,借鉴管理学和心理学相关理论解释闲暇时间作用于个体创造力的价值“黑箱”,从时间配置角度研究闲暇时间配置对个体创造力的异质性影响。研究发现,微观个体在闲暇时间内积极的休闲活动可以通过释放压力、激发右脑活力、提高耐心程度三种途径提高个体创造力。这意味着,培养创新型人才,既要关注其在知识型学习上的教育方式与实施效果,更要关注闲暇时间在培养个体创造力、非认知能力以及性格等方面的重要作用,引导大家选择积极的休闲活动、健康的生活方式,改善全民族休闲质量,提高全民族创新精神与工作绩效。由此,为更好地打开闲暇时间作用于经济系统的创新通道,提高个体创造力,需要增加闲暇时间,优化工作与闲暇时间配置;需要推行弹性工作制,营造宽松工作环境;需要发挥闲暇教育对个体创造力的促进作用,适应创新型社会需要;需要关注个体性格特征,重视闲暇时间对非认知能力培养的作用;需要弱化个体社会时间偏好,提高个体耐心程度。
Innovation theory and innovation spirit have always been the hot issues in the field of economics.However,due to the lack of microdata,the hypothesis of innovation homogeneity of micro-individuals largely limits the research progress of innovation theory.On the basis of reviewing the theory of innovation heterogeneity and the theory of economic effect of leisure time,and referring to the relevant theories of management and psychology,the authors explore the"value black box"of leisure time on individual creativity and analyze the influencing mechanism of leisure time on individual creativity from the perspective of time allocation.It is found that individual active leisure activities in leisure time can contribute to the improvement of individual creativity through releasing the pressure,stimulating the vitality of the right brain and increasing the degree of patience.This means that,in order to cultivate innovative talents,we should not only pay attention to their education methods and implementation effects in knowledge-based learning,but also pay attention to the important role of leisure time in cultivating individual creativity,non-cognitive ability and personality;we should also guide everyone to choose active leisure activities and healthy lifestyles and improve the leisure quality of the whole nation to improve the innovative spirit and work performance of the whole nation.Therefore,in order to better open the innovation channel for leisure time to act on the economic system and improve individual creativity,we should,first,increase leisure time and optimize the allocation of work and leisure time;second,we should implement the flexible working system to create a relaxed working environment;third,we should give play to the role of leisure education in promoting individual creativity to meet the needs of innovative society;fourth,we should pay attention to the characteristics of individual personality,and pay attention to the role of leisure time in cultivating the non cognitive ability;and fifth,we should reduce social time preference and increase individual patience.
作者
夏杰长
徐紫嫣
王鹏飞
XIA Jie-chang;XU Zi-yan;WANG Peng-fei(Institute of Financial Strategy,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100006,China;School of Business,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;College of Land and Tourism,Luoyang Normal University,Luoyang 471934,Henan,China)
出处
《中国流通经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期93-102,共10页
China Business and Market
基金
中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“闲暇时间配置对劳动生产率的影响研究”(2020M672216)
河南省教育科学“十三五”规划一般课题“新时代大学生时间配置优化问题研究”(2020YB0182)
河南省科技厅软科学项目“大数据驱动下黄河流域河南段文旅产业高质量发展的路径与对策研究”(212400410292)。
关键词
闲暇时间
非认知能力
创新异质性
个体创造力
leisure time
non-cognitive ability
innovation heterogeneity
individual creativity
