摘要
目的分析2016-2020年周口市手足口病(HFMD)流行病学特征和病原学特征,为完善其防控对策提供参考依据。方法对2016-2020年“国家传染病信息报告管理系统”报告的周口市HFMD病例和实验室病原监测数据采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析,率和构成比的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果周口市2016-2020年累计报告HFMD病例21291例,年均报告发病率为54.28/10万。年发病率呈下降趋势,2016年发病率(最高)与2019年(最低)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发病主要集中在3-6月(58.12%),2020年发病集中在8-9月(65.71%)。川汇区(120.12/10万)、扶沟县(76.52/10万)、商水县(61.33/10万)年均发病率居前3位。5岁以下儿童占97.93%,散居儿童占92.85%,幼托儿童占5.49%。3325例实验室诊断病例中,肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性占32.72%,柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)阳性占12.72%,其他肠道病毒阳性占54.56%。结论周口市HFMD发病率呈下降态势,优势毒株近年来有所变化。应加强HFMD病原监测,及时掌握病原分布及变化情况。针对高发时间段、重点地区、5岁以下儿童,加强干预及宣教,推广EV71疫苗接种,防止HFMD暴发流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Zhoukou from 2016 to 2020,and provide a reference for improving its prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the HFMD cases and laboratory pathogen surveillance data reported by the National Infectious Disease Information Reporting Management System from 2016 to 2020 in Zhoukou.Chi-square test was used to compare the ratios and constituent ratios.Results A total of 21291 HFMD cases were reported in Zhoukou from 2016 to 2020,with an average annual incidence rate of 54.28/100000.The annual incidence rate showed a downward trend.The incidence rates in 2016(the highest)and 2019(the lowest)were statistically different(P<0.05).The incidence was mainly concentrated in March to June(58.12%),while the incidence in 2020 was concentrated in August to September(65.71%).Chuanhui District(120.12/100000),Fugou County(76.52/100000),and Shangshui County(61.33/100000)ranked the top 3 in average annual incidence.Children under 5 years old accounted for 97.93%,scattered children accounted for 92.85%,and children in preschool care accounted for 5.49%.Among the 3325 laboratory-diagnosed cases,32.72%were positive for Enterovirus 71(EV71),12.72%were positive for Coxsackievirus A16(CoxA16),and 54.56%were positive for other enteroviruses.Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in Zhoukou is decreasing,and the dominant virus strains have changed in recent years.The monitoring of the pathogen of HFMD should be strengthened,and the distribution and changes of the pathogen should be grasped in time.For the high-incidence period,key areas,and children under 5,strengthen intervention and education,promote EV71 vaccination,and prevent HFMD outbreaks.
作者
周玉蕾
ZHOU Yulei(Zhoukou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhoukou 466002,China)
出处
《河南医学研究》
CAS
2021年第17期3125-3128,共4页
Henan Medical Research
关键词
手足口病
流行病学特征
病原学特征
hand-foot-mouth disease
epidemiological characteristic
etiological characteristic
