摘要
尽管近年来中国科技成果呈现“量质齐升”的发展态势,但科技成果转化率不高成为制约中国创新能力提升和经济发展的迫切问题。本文从不完全产权视角出发,构建了“供给-中介-需求”的科技成果转化分析框架剖析中国科技成果的转化困境及其出路。以科技成果进入市场的产权明晰程度为切入点,将科研主体划分为完全与不完全产权主体两类,重点分析科技成果转化的“供给-中介”与“中介-需求”两个阶段与“进入市场、确定价格与实现转化”三个关键环节,指出制约科技成果转化效率的根本原因在于不完全产权引致的激励不足、定价不清与市场脱节。由此,本文得出中国科技成果转化的三重困境:一是技术成果供给侧产权模糊、激励机制扭曲,二是技术成果中介市场发育不足、定价机制扭曲,三是技术成果需求侧导向不强、市场机制不彰。在此基础上,本文从做对激励、做好平台、做强需求三个方面提出针对性的政策建议。
In recent years,China has made rich science and technology achievements(STA),but the low commercialization rate of STA has become a pressing problem.This paper constructs a“supply-mediator-demand”framework from the perspective of incomplete property rights.First,this paper divides subjects of STA into two categories:full and incomplete property rights subjects.Then,by focusing on the two stages of“supply-mediator”and“mediator-demand”and the three key links of“entering the market,determining price and realizing commercialization”in the commercialization process,we point out that the fundamental reasons that restrict the commercialization of STA are insufficient incentives caused by incomplete property rights,unclear pricing and market disconnection.Finally,there are triple dilemma in the commercialization of STA in China:inefficiency incentive mechanism on the supply side caused by the blurred property rights of STA,underdeveloped intermediary market and distorted pricing of STA,mismatch between supply and demand of STA.On this basis,this paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations from three aspects:providing the right incentive,building a good platform,and streng thening demand orientation.
作者
刘瑞明
金田林
葛晶
刘辰星
LIU Rui-ming;JIN Tian-lin;GE Jing;LIU Chen-xing(National Academy of Development and Strategy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China;Institute of Spatial Planning & Regional Economy, National Development and Reform Commission of P.R.C,Beijing 100038,China;School of Information Science & Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China)
出处
《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期5-17,共13页
Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国特色政策试点机制”(20&ZD118)
国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国经济转型中的‘改革拖延症’及其治理机制研究:基于行为公共经济学的视角”(71873134)
教育部社会科学基金规划项目“地方偏袒主义的遏制与高校招生质量提升:理论与中国的经验证据”(18YJA790054)
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“中国特色的政策试点机制:历史演变、运行机制和绩效差异”(18XNI007)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
科技自立自强
科技成果转化
技术要素配置
不完全产权
科技创新
self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology
commercialization of scientific and technological achievement
technical factor allocation
incomplete property rights
technological innovation
