摘要
目的了解2011-2019年北京市艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测及阳性病例检出情况,为制定更有效的艾滋病(AIDS)检测策略提供依据。方法下载“艾滋病综合防治信息系统”北京市2011-2019年HIV检测数据和病例报告卡片,进行描述性统计分析和χ^(2)检验。结果北京市HIV抗体检测从2011年的2623473人次逐年增加到2019年的5962782人次。阳性检出病例从2011年的2394例上升至2016年的5024例后开始逐年下降,2019年降至4764例。粗阳性检出率从2011年的0.91‰(2394/2623473)上升至2014年的1.16‰(4548/3937490)后开始逐年下降至2019年的0.80‰(4764/5962782)。医疗机构的检测数量和占全市检测量的百分比均逐年上升,从2011年的77.28%(2027534/2623473)上升到2019年的85.84%(5118212/5962782),发现的HIV/AIDS患者人数最多,占所有阳性检出的54.38%(20690/38049)。重点人群检测人次数增长较缓,从2011年的520663人次增长到2019年的636944人次,阳性检出数和检出率整体上先上升后下降,整体阳性检出率1.68‰。各个年份不同来源人群的HIV阳性检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为3431.51、3037.24、8733.10、9920.31、9692.66、8942.01、6538.12、7266.89和5295.23,P均<0.001)。2011-2019年累计重复检测阳性比例为25.38%。结论北京市近年来HIV检测人群规模逐年扩大,阳性检出率呈现先上升后下降的趋势。医疗机构主动提供艾滋病检测咨询和开展重点人群检测是HIV病例发现的重要途径。北京市应继续加强扩大检测、促进发现的策略,提供可及性好和效率高的检测服务。
Objective To analyze the testing and detection of HIV/AIDS cases in Beijing from 2011 to 2019,and to provide evidence for improving the strategy of detecting HIV/AIDS.Methods The data of HIV testing and newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Beijing from 2011 to 2019 were collected through the China AIDS Prevention and Control Information System,and analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis and Chi square test.Results From 2011 to 2019,the number of HIV screening tests increased from 2623473 to 5962782 in Beijing.The number of HIV positive cases detected increased from 2394 in 2011 to 5024 in 2016,then decreased year by year to 4764 in 2019.The crude positive detection rate increased from 0.91‰(2394/2623473)in 2011 to 1.16‰(4548/3937490)in 2014,then decreased to 0.80‰(4764/5962782)in 2019.The number of HIV screening tests offered in medical institutions and proportion of total tests showed an increasing trend annually,from 77.28%(2027534/2623473)to 85.84%(5118212/5962782),with the highest number of HIV cases detected which was accounted for 54.38%(20690/38049)of newly reported cases in the city.The number of HIV screening tests for high-risk population showed a lower growth from 520663 to 636944.The number of HIV cases detected and detection rate first increased and then decreased,with a total HIV detection rate 1.68‰.The difference in the HIV detection rates of the people from different sources was statistically significant(2011-2019,χ^(2)=3431.51,3037.24,8733.10,9920.31,9692.66,8942.01,6538.12,7266.89 and 5295.23,all P<0.001).The cumulative percentage of repeat positive tests was 25.38%.Conclusions In recent ten years,the scale of HIV testing population in Beijing has been expanding year by year,and the positive detection rate has shown a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The implementation of providerinitiated HIV testing and counselling(PITC)in medical institutions and the testing of high-risk populations are important ways to detect HIV cases.The strategy of expanding the number of the detection should be continued to provide accessible and efficient testing services in Beijing.
作者
贺淑芳
王娟
卢红艳
HE Shu-fang;WANG Juan;LU Hong-yan(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2021年第2期82-85,共4页
Capital Journal of Public Health
